Lesson 21 Oil Treatment.pptVIP

Wuhan Institute of Shipbuilding Technology Power Engineering Department Lesson 21 Oil Treatment 第21课 油的处理 Both fuel oils and lubricating oils require treatment before passing to the engine. 燃油和滑油在进入主机之前都要处理。 This will involve storage and heating to allow separation of water present, coarse(粗糙的) and fine（精细的） filtering to remove solid particles（固体颗粒） and also centrifuging（离心分离）. 油的处理包括储存，为使油中的水分离而进行的加热，为除去固体颗粒而进行的粗细过滤以及离心分离。 The centrifugal separator（离心式分油机） is used to separate two liquids, for example oil and water, or a liquid and solids as in contaminated oil（污油）. 离心式分油机用来分离两种液体，比如油和水；或者用来分离一种液体和污油中的固体。 Separation is speeded up by the use of a centrifuge（分油机） and can be arranged as a continuous process. 使用分油机可加快分离速度，且可将分离安排成一个连续的过程。 Where a centrifuge is arranged to separate two liquids, it is known as a “purifier（分水机）. 当离心分油机用来分离两种液体时，叫做“分水机”。 Where a centrifuge is arranged to separate impurities（impurity，杂质） and small amounts of（少量的） water from oil it is known as a “clarifier（分杂机）. 当离心分油机用来分离油中的杂质和少量水时，叫做“分杂机”。 The separation of impurities and water from fuel oil is essential（必要的） for good combustion（良好燃烧）. 从燃油中分离出杂质和水，对良好燃烧是必要的。 The removal（除去） of contaminating impurities（污染杂质） from lubricating oil will reduce engine wear（磨损） and possible breakdowns（损坏）. 从滑油中除去污染杂质将会减少机器磨损和可能的损坏。 Centrifuging 离心分离 A centrifuge consists of an electric motor（电动机） drive to a vertical shaft（竖直轴，立轴） on the top of which is mounted the bowl assembly（分离筒组件）. 离心分油机包括驱动立轴的电动机，并在此立轴上端安装分离筒组件。 An outer framework（机壳） surrounds（包围） the assembly（组件） and carries the various feed and discharge connections. 外侧的机壳包围着（分离筒）组件，机壳上带有各种供给接头和排放接头。 The bowl can be a solid assembly which retains（保留） the separated sludge（油渣） and operates non-continuously（不连续地）, or the bowl can be arranged so that the upper and lower parts separate and the sludge can be discharged while the centrifuge operates continuously. 分离筒可以是整体式的，它将分离出来的油渣保留在其中，并以不连续的方式运行；分离筒也可以制成上、下分开式的，并且在离心机连续地运行时，油渣可以排出。 The dirty oil（污