歐洲文化入门.pptVIP

Division one Greek culture and roman culture I . Greek Culture Group one  Leader:胡锦璞 Members:孙京、杨建勋、赵元硕、段娟娟 Part 1-3 胡锦璞 Part 4-6 赵元硕 Part 7 段娟娟 Part 8 杨建勋 Part 9 孙 京 1、The Historical Background TIME: around 1200B.C. Establishment : after the war between Greece and Troy. Cultural Significance: mark by the successful repulse of the Persian invasion . Spread : Alexander and his armies conquered large areas of Europe Asia and Africa. End: it was conquered by the Romans Athens The capital of Greek The Acropolis(雅典的卫城) hill, so called the Sacred Rock of Athens, is the most important site of the city. During Perikles’ Golden Age, ancient Greek civilization was represented in an ideal way on the hill and some of the architectural masterpieces of the period were erected on its ground. Today in Athens 2、Social and political structure Athens was a democracy Exercise of power by the whole people Only the adult male citizens Economy rested on an immense amount of slave labor Olympus mount Sports Every four years they had a big festival on Olympus Mount 3、Homer He probably lived around 700 B.C. He is bland Weather did he exist Homer Epics Author : Homer It includes the Iliad and the Odyssey. Iliad伊利亚特 It talks about the alliance of the states of the southern mainland of Greece against the city of Troy . Odyssey奥德修纪 Talks about the stories after the war Hero : Odysseus 《史诗》是具有丰富意义的光辉巨著，它既是完美的文学作品，又是研究古代氏族社会的重要历史文献。 它正式成书于公元前 6 世纪。包括两部史诗，一部为《伊利亚特》，另一部是《奥德修纪》。史诗的内容来源于公元前 12 世纪末希腊岛南部地区的阿开亚人和小亚西亚北部的特洛伊人之间发生的一场 10 年的战争。战争结束后，民间便有了许多传说，传说以短歌的形式歌颂战争中涌现出来的英雄事迹，并与古希腊神话交织在一起，由民间歌人口头传诵，代代相传，每逢盛宴或节日，就在氏族官邸中咏唱。史诗的结构异常精美。两部史诗的时间跨度都长达 10 年，但前者只描写了 4 天的战斗、 21 天的埋葬仪式和 26 天的空闲时间共计 51 天；后者也只集中描写了 41 天的活动。与主题有关的事件构成核心故事 , 其它的社会活动、贸易往来、宗教活动和生产作为穿插。 Odysseus Odysseus :was the son of Laertes and was the ruler of the island kingdom of Ithaca. He was one of the most prominent Greek leaders in the Trojan War, and was the hero of Homers Odyssey. He was known