阅读理解中猜词能力的培养.docVIP

阅读理解中猜词能力的培养 2004年高考阅读理解中有生疏短语30个，其中固定短语10 个。 如何通过构词、语法、定义、对比、因果等线索猜测出其意思？ 定义和解释 1．以定语从句、同位语、表语、并列句等形式出现 e.g Long ago goods were manufactured by craftsmen, who were skilled workmen. 2.用逗号、破折号、括号等标点符号引出。 e.g external fat (fat under the skin) internal fat (fat inside the body wall) 3.用or, that is(to say), namely, similarly等引出来，以补充说明。 e.g They were vertebrates, that is, animals that have backbones. 　 Exercise : Annealing is a way of making metal softer by heating and then letting it cool very slowly. Jane is indecisive, that is, she often finds it hard to make up her mind. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed. 描述 e.g 1) The penguin is a kind of sea birds living in the South Pole. It is fat and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly, it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish. 2)The hot-air balloon took off. It was as buoyant in the air as a rose leaf in water. Exercise: one such bird-a warbler-had spend its lifetime in cage and had never flown under a natural sky. Wrestling is the game which is played by two strong people; one tries to get the other down on the floor. 例证 常见例证词：for example, such as, like等 e.g 1) I like to read periodicals, such as Time Magazine, Newsweek , Reader’s Digest , ect. 2) At the first glance, I was struck by his shabbiness-his overcoat was worn, his shoes were in bad shape, and his trousers were dirty. Exercise: 6. I found Lucy is quite generous, for example, whenever she meets a beggar , she gives some coins to him. 7. The forest was filled with the sounds of lions, tigers, monkeys, and many other denizens. 8.Many of us know to control basic drives such as hunger when we are very young. 构词法 掌握前缀、后缀、合成、转换等语法知识，迅速确定词性和语义。 e.g With their shinning brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence. Exercise: 9.But the hunt for the puma proved both hard and fruitless. The forest was so extensive. 10.To everyone in t