xs必修三四语法复习.pdf

戴氏教育蜀汉路校区 学生： 教师：唐老师 必修三四语法复习 重难点讲解： 高一英语必修三中的主要语法点有：被动语态，动词不定式和定语从句，另外还涉及了主 谓一致、间接引语及连接词的用法。 一、被动语态专题复习 （一）被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化 被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式，被动语态由 be＋过去分词构成，be 随时态的变 化而变化。以 do 为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： （1）am/is/are +done （过去分词） 一般现在时 例 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. （2）has /have been done 现在完成时 例 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we’re ready to start. （3）am/is /are being done 现在进行时 例 A new cinema is being built here. （4）was/were done 一般过去时 例 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. （5）had been done 过去完成时 例 By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. （6）was/were being done 过去进行时 例 A meeting was being held when I was there. （7）shall/will be done 一般将来时 例 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. （8）should/would be done 过去将来时 例 The news would be sent to the soldier’s mother as soon as it arrived. （9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用） 例 The project will have been completed before July. （10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） 例 He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 （1）带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 例 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. （2）有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变 为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. （3）当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语， 其余不动。 例 Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为 The boy was caught smoking a cigarette. （4）在使役动词 have, make, get 以及感官动词 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe 等后面 不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式 to 要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加 to。 高一英语必修三四语法复习