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A bistable switching of two-dimensional photonic crystal.pdf

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A bistable switching of two-dimensional photonic crystal

A bistable switching of two-dimensional photonic crystal with Kerr point defect Li-Xue Chena,b,*, Dalwoo Kimb a Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, PR China b Instrumentation Research Team, Research Institute of Industrial and Science Technology, Pohang 790-330, Republic of Korea Received 27 August 2002; received in revised form 27 December 2002; accepted 14 January 2003 Abstract Bistable switching behavior in a two-dimensional nonlinear photonic crystal with a Kerr point defect is researched by numerical simulation of finite-difference time-domain method. Optical bistable switching by whole localized defect- mode is observed in the component. 2003 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. PACS: 42.65.Pc; 42.70.Qs; 78.20.Jq Keywords: Optical bistability; Photonic band-gap materials; Kerr effect 1. Introduction In the last decade, photonic crystals have been intensely researched subject [1–3]. One particular behavior of these systems is the ability to create crystal defects that confine light in localized modes. The discovery of the localized mode opens a wide array of future photonic circuit application [4]. Understanding of the behaviors of these de- fects is significant for making effective applications of photonic crystals. In the research of two-di- mensional photonic crystals, many interesting physical phenomena have been discovered. Using the localization effect of defect-modes, many photonics components have been proposed and studied in detail, including sharp band waveguide of photonic crystal [5], quasi-periodic waveguide [8], channel-drop tunnelling [6], wide-angular splitter [7], resonator, filter and optical switching. The understanding of the linear photonic crystal components is much more than that of nonlinear photonic crystal components. Light propagated in photonic crystals has lower group velocity, while light field localized in defect-modes is very intense. Therefore, the nonlinear effects in the defect are gre