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Embedding GIS in Disaster Simulation
Embedding GIS in Disaster Simulation
Shengnan Wu, Larry Shuman, Bopaya Bidanda, Matthew Kelley, Ken Sochats,
Carey Balaban, University of Pittsburgh
Abstract
Disasters are complex events that involve multiple actors trying to gain control
over and manage rapidly changing situations. We have developed an all hazards
disaster modeling system called the Dynamic Discrete Disaster Simulation
System (D4S2) that seamlessly integrates ArcGIS 9.2, Rockwell Automations
Arena discrete event simulation, a custom built rule based decision modeling
system, and a control interface that mirrors an emergency operations center. Each
component informs the others continuously of decisions, status changes, and other
situational variables that have changed as the event(s) unfold. D4S2 provides a
circumstance independent laboratory for testing how the type and scale of an
event, situational variables and command decisions affect responders efficiency
and effectiveness in dealing with disasters. This paper discusses the construction
of the system and the insights gleaned as a result of its application to disaster
scenarios in Pittsburgh.
Introduction
The Center for National Preparedness at the University of Pittsburgh has been developing
an advanced simulation system to simulate the response to emergencies. This simulation
system, we call the Dynamic Discrete Disaster Simulation System (D4S2), is a core
component of our overarching approach which we call the Pittsburgh Framework for
Emergency Preparedness and Response. While our initial focus has been on emergency
response, we recognize that the framework has wider applicability in areas such as:
urban and regional planning, military operations, etc.
D4S2 seamlessly integrates a geographic information system (GIS), discrete event
simulation, a custom built rule based decision modeling system and a control interface
that mirrors an emergency operations center. The model’s geo-database contains ove
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