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Mechanism of competitive grain growth in directional solidification of a nickel-base superalloy.pdf

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Mechanism of competitive grain growth in directional solidification of a nickel-base superalloy

Available online at /locate/actamat Acta Materialia 56 (2008) 2631–2637Mechanism of competitive grain growth in directional solidification of a nickel-base superalloy Y.Z. Zhou a, A. Volek b, N.R. Green a,* aSchool of Engineering, Metallurgy and Materials, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK bDiehl Stiftung Co. KG, Stephanstrasse 49, 90478 Nu?rnberg, Germany Received 22 May 2007; received in revised form 12 January 2008; accepted 2 February 2008 Available online 17 March 2008Abstract The structure evolution of bicrystal (BC) samples during directional solidification (DS) was explored in an attempt to understand the mechanism of competitive grain growth. It was found that in the case of diverging dendrites the favorably oriented grain overgrows the misaligned grain. However, in the case of converging dendrites the result differs from the prediction of the generally accepted model for competitive grain growth. First, the unfavorably oriented dendrites are able to overgrow the favorably oriented dendrites. Second, the misaligned grain overgrows the favorably oriented grain by blocking the dendrites of the favorably oriented grain at the grain boundary. Based on the experimental results, the process by which a favored h001i texture is developed during DS process of a nickel-base super- alloy is illustrated. 2008 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Grain growth; Theory; Directional solidification; Nickel alloys1. Introduction Directional solidification (DS) has been widely used to produce turbine blades of Ni-base superalloys. A preferred crystallographic orientation is produced in the DS casting due to the anisotropic growth rates of dendrites associated with grains of different orientations [1]. Previous studies [2– 5] on nickel-base superalloys have confirmed the fast-grow- ing dendritic orientation to be h001i. The range of orienta- tions produced in the DS process depends directly on the effic