Week 1 Introduction-meaning of management.pptVIP

Introduction to Cross-cultural Management (HRP009N) Frances Tomlinson f.tomlinson@londonmet.ac.uk Introduction to Cross-cultural Management (HRP009N) Concepts of management: an overview of Western management ideas in the 20th century Managing across cultures – issues and problems The emergence of cross-cultural management Overview of the module – teaching and learning; reading... These slides are available on Weblearn – no need to copy ‘Management’ is used to refer to: A field of study A group of people: ‘engaged in organising and controlling a business’ (Cunliffe 2009:8) A practice: ‘an active, relational practice... The things that managers do are supposed to contribute to the achievement of the organisation’s formal goals’ (Clegg et al 2008:8) A complex process: ‘not just something one does, but... who one is and how we relate to others’ (Cunliffe 2009: 11) Management in the 20th century: 1. rationalism and efficiency Frederick Taylor (USA): ‘scientific management’ one best way, first class man (1911) Henri Fayol (France): management functions, forecast plan, organise, command, coordinate, control... (1916) Focus on efficiency, measurement, standardisation, automation… 2. Human relations – a concern for people Hawthorne Experiments (USA): psychological and emotional factors in the workplace (1920s-40s) Motivation and leadership theories: Maslow, McGregor, Herzberg etc (all USA) (1960s-70s) Peters and Waterman (USA): qualities of ‘excellent’ companies – corporate cultures that value concern for the customer, innovation and empowerment, simple and lean structures… (1980s) Management ‘fads and fashions’ – TQM, teamworking, JIT (Japanese influence) (1980s-90s) 3. Critical management (1990s-2000+) Originally influenced by European thinkers: Marx, Weber, Durkheim, Freud, Foucault…. Organisations embedded in society and reflect structures of inequality and oppression within society Organisations as political systems (Machiavelli) Organisatio