主谓一致讲义--初中.docVIP

句子成分和五大基本句型 句子成分： 构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有 和 ；次要成分有表语、宾语、 、状语、 和同位语。 简单句的五种基本句型： 1、主+谓 2、主+谓+宾 3、主+系+表 4、主+谓+间宾+直宾 5、主+谓+宾+宾补 知识点： 1、 及物动词和不及物动词： 及物动词vt.：后可跟 ，大多有被动语态； 不及物动词vi.：后不能跟宾语，无 语态。如需要接宾语，则必须用 连接。 练习1:（及物动词和不及物动词辨析） 1. Could you please take it closer? I can’t it clearly. A. look B. look up C. see D. see off 2. The accident the poor boy yesterday. A. happened B. happened to C. happen to D. was happened to 3. The guest Shanghai last night. A. reached B. arrived C. got 4. Tom can often strange sounds recently. A. hear B. listen C. look D. see 5. When did you home last night? A. arrive B. get to C. reach at D. go to 6. Do you have anything to ? A. say B. speak C. talk D. speech 7. It is spring now. The flowers begin to . A. come in B. come down C. come out D. come to 练习2：（不及物动词） 根据汉语完成下列英语句子，每空一词。 1. 他在听。?? He _____ _____.2. 昨晚你睡得好吗？Did you _____ _____ last night?3. 这场雨持续了两个小时。?? The rain_____ _____ two hours.?4. 事物总是变化的。?? Things always_____.5. 他来中国的梦想实现了。?? His dream to China _____ _____ _____.?? 练习3： Ⅰ. 找出下列句子的宾语。1. He handed in his homework this morning.??____________2. Help yourself to some soup, Jim.????? ____________3. People all over the world speak English. ?????? ____________4. How many words did you learn last class? ??? ____________5. I’ll do what I can. ??????????? ____________ II. 找出下列句子中的直接宾语。1. She gave me her telephone number.? ??_________________2. Bring me some water, please.?? ??_________________3. I’ll make you some fresh tea.? ????_________________4. He sang us a folk song.??????? _________________5. She showed me her paintings.? ???_________________III. 将下列句子改为同义句。6. Tom gave me a nice pen.?? Tom ______ a nice pen _____ me.?7. My mother bought my little sister a pink skirt.?? My mother ______ a pink skirt ______ my little sister.8. She cooked us a delicious meal.? She ______