定语从句(二).ppt

二，非限定性定语从句。 （一），限定性定语从句与非限定性定语从句的异同：限定性定语从句对先行词起修饰限制作用，与先行词的关系密切，从句前不用逗号；非限定性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用，前面用逗号隔开。在非限定性定语从句中可用关系词who,whom,which,where,when以及as，不用why和that。 例如：1, New York is a nice city, which I visited last year. 2, Tom, who is one of my best friends, has gone to Shanghai. 3, He likes his school very much, where he studied for 3 years. 4, He came to China in 1990, when he married his wife. （二），关系词前加介词的非限定性定语从句。 例如：1, I have many friends, of whom some are businessmen. 2, The factory made lots of shoes, 80% of which are sold abroad. 3, He paid the boy 100 yuan for cleaning the windows, most of which were dirty. 4, She has two sisters, both of whom work in Tianjing. （三），由as和which引导的非限定性定语从句。 1, 相同点：和引导非限定性定语从句时，都可以在句中作主语或宾语，代表前面整个句子。 例如(1), He married Susan, which is natural. (2), Tom is honest, as we can see. 2，不同点： (１)，位置的不同：which引导的非限定性定语从句只能放在主句之后；而as引导的非限定性定语从句可放在主句之前、之后，甚至可以分割主句。 例如：：＊ He and his wife came to see his parents yesterday, which doesn’t often happen. ＊Peter didn’t finish his homework again, which made his teacher vary angry. ＊ China is a developing country, as is known to us. ＊ John, as you know, is a worker. ＊ As everyone hoped, Mary won the first prize. r (2),意义的不同：which引导的定语从句与主句是因果关系，或是对主句的评论;as引导的定语从句时，常译为“正如”，“好象”，通常know,see,expect,mention,hope等连用． 1, John said he had been working in the office for an hour, which was true. 2, Rorbert studies very hard at school, which made his mother happy. 3, As is known to all, oil and water don’t mix up. 4, Water is liquid, as we know. 3，由as引导的非限定性定语从句的常用句式： as is\was announced\expected\known\reported\said\mentioned\the case 例如：1, As was reported, the President has come to our city. 2, As was mentioned before, learning to use the computer is very necessary. 3, The important meetings are held in this meeting-room, as is often the case. 4, John won the game, as was expected.