Unit5NelsonMandela-amodernhero-Period3四川课件（42张）(人教新课标必修1).pptVIP

Period 3　Grammar;定语从句中关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的用法 Ⅰ.关系副词when，where，why的使用 引导定语从句的词，除关系代词外，还有关系副词when，where，why。;● when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，其先行词一般为表示时间的名词。 October 1st,1949 was the day when the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 ● where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，其先行词一般为表示地点的名词。 Is there a shop around where we can get fruit? 附近有没有我们能买到水果的地方？;● why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，其先行词一般为reason。 The reason why she told a lie is unknown. 她为什么撒谎还不清楚。;Ⅱ.“介词＋关系代词”的用法 1．用法 关系代词whom，which在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，可以跟介词一起放在主句和从句之间；为了使关系代词紧跟它所修饰的先行词，也可以把介词放在从句中有关动词的后面。 This is the room in which we lived last year.＝This is the room which we lived in last year.;2．注意事项 定语从句中“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词是which(指物)，whom(指人)。掌握这个结构的关键在于对介词的正确选择，要注意以下几个问题： (1)介词与定语从句中的动词是一种习惯性搭配。 This is the room in which we lived last year.＝This is the room which we lived in last year. 这就是我们去年住过的房间。;(2)介词与定语从句中的形容词一起构成一种习惯性搭配。 The two things about which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.＝The two things which Marx was not sure about were the grammar and some of the idioms of English. 马克思在语法和英语的某些习惯用语这两方面还是没有把握。;(3)介词和定语从句的先行词是一种习惯性搭配。 The pen with which he was writing broke.＝The pen which he was writing with broke. 他写字用的那支钢笔坏了。 (4)表示“整体中的部分”或“所有关系”时，用介词of。 He has three uncles，all of whom are doctors. 他有三个叔叔，他们全都是大夫。;(5)“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词不能用that，但当把介词放在从句有关动词后面时，关系代词可用that，也可省略，尤其是在口语和非正式文体中。 The room(that/which) she lives in is a large one. 她住的是一个大房间。 (6)含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在动词的后面，因此不能使用“介词＋关系代词”结构。 Is this the watch which he was looking for？(不能说：Is this the watch for which he was looking？) 这是他正在找的那块手表吗？;3．关系副词与“介词＋关系代词”的转化 when＝at/in/during＋which； where＝in/at＋which； why＝for which ● This was a time when(＝during which)there were still slaves in the USA. 那是一个美国还存在奴隶的时代。;● Is this the house where(＝in which) he was born? 这就是他出生时的那所房子吗？ ● I dont know the reason why(＝for_which)he said that.我不明白他说那事的原因。;4．关系代词as引导的定语从句 as用作关系代词，既可单独引出定语从句，又可与主句中的the same或such相呼应，从句中的谓语动词常省略。 We do the same work as they(do)． 我们