机械工程英语[Part1Unit2].pptVIP

Unit 2 Heat Treatment of Metals 金属的热处理; 7. tungsten n. 钨 8. vanadium n. 钒; 16. solubility n. 溶解度，溶解性 17. cementite n. 〈冶〉渗碳体; 24. pearlite n. 〈冶〉珠光体 25. equilibrium n. 平衡; 33. appreciable a. 可看到（或感觉到）的 34. anneal vt. 〈冶〉退火 35. brine n. 盐水，海水; 44. relieve v. 减轻，（使）解除 45. readily ad. 容易地  46. uniformity n. 一致性，均匀性; 54. coke n. 焦炭 55. core n. 芯子，铁心 56. cyanide n. 〈化〉氰化物;The understanding of heat treatment is embraced by the broader study of metallurgy.;According to the procedure used,steel can be hardened to resist cutting action and abrasion,or it can be softened to permit machining. 根据工艺规程，可使钢硬化以抵抗切削作用和耐磨损，或使之变软，以便于切削加工。 With the proper heat treatment internal stresses may be removed, grain size reduced, toughness increased, or a hard surfaced produced on a ductile interior. 采用合适的热处理，可以消除零件的内应力，细化晶粒，增加韧性，或使材料表面坚硬而内部产生塑性。;The key transition described in this diagram is the decomposition of single—phase austenite to the two—phase ferrite plus carbide structure as temperature drops. 此图中描述的主要转变是当温度下降时，单相奥氏体分解为两相铁素体加碳化物结构。 ;Control of this reaction, which arises due to the drastically different carbon solubilities of austenite and ferrite, enables a wide range of properties to be achieved through heat treatment. 由于碳在奥氏体和铁素体中的溶解度差异很大而产生这种转变，控制这种转变，通过热处理，就可能获得较大范围的性能。;Speciments prepared by polishing and etching in a weak solution of nitric acid and alcohol reveal the lamellar structure of alternating plates that forms on slow cooling. 准备试样的方法是先将试样抛光, 然后用稀硝酸和酒精溶液浸蚀,使之显示出交变板层状结构,这是在缓慢冷却过程中形成的. weak solution of nitric acid and alcohol 稀硝酸和酒精溶液 the lamellar structure of alternating plates 交变板层状结构; Hypereutectoid steels are steels that contain greater than the eutectoid amount of carbon. 过共??钢是含有高于共析钢含碳量的钢。 proeutectoid n. 先共析体 eutectoid a.共析的 n.共析体 hypoeutectoid steel 亚共析钢 hypereutectoid steel 过共析钢 As before, any remaining austenite trans