托福阅读机经背景：战争、和平与爱情.docxVIP

智课网TOEFL备考资料 托福阅读机经背景：战争、和平与爱情   “Life and Fate”《生活与命运》  War, peace and love战争、和平与  Vasily Grossman’s epic novel is transformed for the radio  瓦西里·格罗斯曼史诗般的小说被改编成广播剧  Sep 10th 2011 | from the print edition  Vasily Grossman vindicated  无辜的瓦西里·格罗斯曼  FEW novels have the foes and fans of “Life and Fate”, Vasily Grossman’s vast book about the Nazis and Soviets at war. The Soviet Communist Party’s ideology chief said it would be more damaging even than Boris Pasternak’s “Dr Zhivago”. That was a high accolade. Another was that the book itself was arrested. In 1961 the KGB confiscated the typescript and even, for good measure, the typewriter ribbon. Grossman, once a loyal party man and an acclaimed war correspondent, was spared jail. But he died four years later, fearing that his sprawling work would never be published (the authorities had said mockingly that it might happen in 200 years). Many years later Andrei Sakharov, a Soviet dissident, helped smuggle a microfilm copy to the West, where it was eventually published in English in 1985.  《生活与命运》是瓦西里·格罗斯曼描写纳粹和苏联战争的宏篇巨着，很少有小说有着它这样的书迷和敌人。苏联共产党的意识形态负责人说，这本书甚至比鲍里斯·帕斯捷尔纳克的《日瓦戈医生》更具破坏力。这是高度的称赞。另一个高度称赞是这本书本身的被查抄。1961年克格勃没收了打字稿，为了更加严防，甚至没收了打字机色带。格罗斯曼曾经是一名忠诚党的人，以及一名广受赞誉的战地记者，他幸免入狱。但四年后他去世时，仍在担心他散乱的作品永远不会出版，因为当局曾嘲讽地说，这本书的出版可能会在200年后。多年后，苏联持不同政见者安德烈·萨哈罗夫帮着走私了缩微胶片拷贝到西方，最后这本书于1985年以英文在西方出版。  The book was not an immediate success. For some years it was overshadowed by the better known work of Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and by the excitement of reform and then collapse in the Soviet Union. It is also intimidatingly long, with a swirling cast of scores of confusingly named characters. Hundreds of pages sometimes separate their appearances. The sweep of Grossman’s pen can exhaust the reader. True to its title, “Life and Fate” mixes gritty battlefield descriptions with acute psychological insights, wrenching dilemmas and deep philosophical reflections about the