垂直多关节机器人臂部和手部设计本科_学位论文.doc

垂直多关节机器人臂部和手部设计 摘要:由于关节型机器人具有传动原理简单、结构凑紧、所占空间体积小、相对的工作空间大，还能绕过基座周围的一些障碍物等特点。综合以上几点考虑，以及为了提高生产效率和降低劳动强度，满足特定的工作要求，课题设计的机器人为垂直多关节机器人，采用了直流伺服电机驱动，通过一系列的轴和齿轮传动顺利实现了腕部的旋转与摆动，手爪的自动抓取与放松工件运动。为了使整个机构结构紧凑，合理布置了电动机、轴和齿轮，设计了齿轮和轴的结构，并进行了强度校核计算。由于驱动电机的个数与手臂自由度的个数是紧密联系的，因此减少电机的数量不但能减小机械手臂的重量，而且还会简化整个系统的动力学与运动学的分析。传动中采用了软轴、波纹管联轴器、传动轴和两对齿轮传动。在选材方面,为了使机器人重量较轻,以及腕部能够灵活的运动,故选取轻型材料,我所设计的机器人的材料为铸造铝合金中的铝铜合金。该机器人手臂具有刚性好、传动精度高、重量轻的特点。设计中大多采用了标准件和常用件，降低了设计和制造的成本。 关键词:垂直多关节机器人；伺服电机；齿轮传动；手臂 The Design of arm and hands for Vertical multi-joint robot Abstract:As the joint coordinates robot with a simple principle, the structure together tight, has the small space, compared to the work of a large space, can bypass obstacles around the base some characteristics. As the above considerations, and in order to improve production efficiency and reduce labor intensity, to meet specific work requirements, This designed robot is vertical multi-joint robot , using a DC servo motor, Through a series of shafts and gears realizated wrist rotation and swinging, and the movement of Auto-Hand crawls and relax. In order to make the entire structure is compact, rational layout the motor shaft and the gear , design the structure of the gear and shaft, and the strength verification. Due to the number of motor-driven and the number of degrees of freedom of arms are closely linked, thus reducing the number of motor not only reduce the weight of the arm, but also it will simplify the analysis of the whole system dynamics and kinematics. The transmission of the design has used the flexible shaft, bellows couplings, wrist and two pairs of gear drive. In the choice of material, in order to make the robot weight lighter and the wrist can movements Agile. so selection of light materials, I have designed materials of robot is aluminum-copper alloy of cast aluminum alloy . This robot’s arm has superity of good rigidity, precise transmission and weight lighter. So the design mostly used the standard parts and common parts,