[中学联盟]非谓语动词总结.pptVIP

;陕西2010—2014中考命题规律与趋势;一、中考重点知识讲解 ? ? ?1、定义：我们把在句子中起名词、形容词或副词作用，充当谓语之外的其它句子成分的动词称为非谓语动词。 2、形式：非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式、分词（现在分词和过去分词）、动名词。 ?3、构成：动词不定式是由 to + 动词原形构成。 动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成。 现在分词是由动词原形 +ing； 过去动词是由动词原形 + ed 构成。 ;;句子中的功能：;4、动词不定式在句子中的作用： 1）动词不定式作主语： To mast a language is not an easy thing. 动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用 it 作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。 Its very kind of you to have given us much help. 2）动词不定式作宾语： I like to help others if I can. 3） 动词不定式作宾语补语 。 We expect you to be with us. 4）不定式作状语： We went to the hospital to see our teacher. 5）不定式的否定形式：not + to + 动词原形 The teacher told us not to swim in that river. 　　; 中考高频知识点： 1.stop to do sth. 和stop doing sth. “stop to do sth.”停下来（正做之事）去做其它事； “stop doing sth.”停止正在做的事情。 例如： “Stop talking. Let’s begin our class.” said the teacher. We have kept doing our homework for a long time. Let’s stop to listen to music. ; 2. forget?to?do?sth. 和forget?doing?sth.? “forget?to?do?sth.” 不要忘记做某事（未做的事情）；“forget?doing?sth.”忘记过去做了的事情（已做）。 例如： Sorry, I forgot to bring the book. I forgot borrowing a book from you. ? (remember?to?do?sth.?和remember?doing?sth.)? 记着要做某事；记得做过某事 例如： Remember to write a letter to my parents. I remember meeting him in the street. ;3.have sth. done.（过去分词）（让别人）做某事 例如： I had my hair cut yesterday afternoon. My computer can not work now. I must have it repaired. 4.?感官动词后接不带to的不定式或者现在分词的区别 例如： see?sb.?do?sth. 看见某人（经常）做某事 see?sb.?doing?sth. 看见某人（正在）做某事 ?I?often?see?him?do?exercise?in?the?morning.? ?When?I?was?walking?in?the?park,?I?saw?him?drawing?a?picture ?there.? ;5. 在主动语态中，感官动词(see, hear, feel, watch等)和使役动词(make, have, let等)要求接不带to的不定式做宾语补足语，而在被动语态里，不定式要带上to。 例如： The boss often made the workers work 10 hours a day. The workers were made to work 10 hours a day. She was heard to use strong language. ;练习一 ? 1.No?one?enjoys?_____?at.? ?A.?laughing?B.?to?laugh?C.?being?laughed??D.?to?be?laughed? ? 2.You?must?do?something?to?prevent?your?house__________?.? ?A.?to?be?broken?in?B.