有机溶剂对全细胞催化剂细胞毒性的研究.pdf

现代食品科技 Modern Food Science and Technology 2014, Vol.30, No.4 有机溶剂对米曲霉及荧光假单胞菌细胞毒性的研究 吴晖，杨美艳，赖富饶，李晓凤 （华南理工大学食品与轻工学院，广东广州 510640） 摘要：本文以米曲霉以及荧光假单胞菌为代表性霉菌及细菌型微生物，通过对菌体生长量、菌丝球大小以及显微观察，研究了 常见有机溶剂对具有催化活性的微生物细胞的生长毒性。研究发现有机溶剂对真菌和细菌的毒性与其 lgP 值有密切关联关系，且与具 体的溶剂种类有关。在针对米曲霉的研究中，正丙醇、叔丁醇和甲苯(lgP 值分别为 0.55、0.80、2.5)对菌丝球的形成有一定的抑制作 用；当正丁醇与氯仿(lgP 值分别为 0.82、2.00)存在时菌丝质量为 0， 即能完全抑制菌丝生长；丙酮，短链醇，长链烷烃等的存在对 菌丝体总质量(0.81±0.07）和菌丝形态没有明显改变，但对生殖期以及孢子形态有显著影响。对荧光假单胞菌而言，正丁醇、氯仿、 甲苯和辛烷（4.6 lgP 0.8）可以完全抑制菌体生长（OD560 1.17±0.05），其他溶剂存在时菌体生长与对照（OD560=2.27±0.05）无显 著差异；此外，有机溶剂会影响培养过程中细胞的形状和细胞间的排列方式。 关键词：有机溶剂；米曲霉；荧光假单胞菌；细胞形态；细胞毒性 文章篇号：1673-9078(2014)4-15-20 Toxicity of Organic Solvents to Microbial Cells with Catalytic Activity WU Hui, YANG Mei-yan, LAI Fu-rao, LI Xiao-feng (College of Light Industry and Food Sciences, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China) Abstract: Using Aspergillus oryzae and Pseudomonas fluorescens as representative types of mold and bacteria microbes respectively, the toxicity of commonly-used organic solvents to the cell growth of microbial cell with catalytic activities was investigated through measurement of microbe growth, hypha ball size and microscopic observation,. It was found that the toxicity of organic solvent to fungi and bacteria has close relationship to its lgP value and also related to the type of solvent. For A. oryzae, n-propanol (lgP value 0.55), t-butanol (lgP value 0.80) and toluene (lgP value 2.5) inhibited the formation of the hypha ball. No mycelium formed when n-butanol (lgP value 0.82) and chloroform (lgP value 2.00) existed in the culture, indicating that they could complestely inhibite the growth of hypha. Though the e