高中英语必修一：Unit4　Earthquakes学案2(重点单词讲解).docVIP

第  PAGE 4 页 共  NUMPAGES 4 页 1．burst vi. (burst, burst)爆裂；爆发 n．突然破裂；爆发 [教材原句]　In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst. 在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。  [来源:学科网] (1)eq \b\lc\ \rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(burst out crying/laughing,burst into tears/laughter))突然哭起来/笑起来 (2)burst in/into 闯入；突然破门而入 burst out 突然迸发；爆发 (3)burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支①I dont know what it was in the novel that made him burst into tears.(2012·) 我不知道是小说中的什么东西使他突然大哭起来。 ②He burst_into_the_room without knocking at the door, which made me angry. 他没敲门就闯进房间，这使我非常生气。 2．ruin n．[U]毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；[常用复数]废墟；遗迹vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产[来源:学科网] [高考佳句]　By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined.(2012·山东高考阅读A) 到2000年，瑙鲁的经济差不多崩溃了。 (1)lie/be in ruins　　　 成为废墟 come/go/fall to ruin 毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 bring ...to ruin 使……毁灭；使……没落；使……破产 (2)ruin oneself 毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame/future/pleasure 毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途/好心情 ①With time going on, the castle which once was very beautiful is now completely in ruins. 随着岁月的流逝，曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。[来源:学科网ZXXK] ②The global economy downturn has brought many small companies to ruin. 全球性的经济不景气已经使许多小公司纷纷破产。 ③The bad weather had ruined_all_my_pleasure for the holiday. 试一试　选择上述单词填空 ④Thousands of houses were seriously damaged by the storm, and the repair work would last half a month. ⑤The whole city was completely destroyed in the sudden flood, leaving nothing to the native people. ⑥The constant rain in the north of China this summer has ruined cash crops such as cotton and peppers. 辨一辨 ruin指毁坏某种好的或者有用的东西，事后虽然存在，但已失去了其优良的特性或特征。意思是“使毁灭；崩溃；弄糟”。用作名词，意思是“毁灭；瓦解；废墟”，构成词组in ruins“成为废墟”damage指一定程度的损坏或损失，部分是可以修复的，可用作动词或名词。作名词表示抽象的“损坏；破坏”时为不可数名词，构成词组do/cause damage to sb./sth.destroy指彻底的、毁灭性的破坏，一般不可修复，常作“破坏；毁灭”讲。也可以指希望、计划等的破灭 3．injure vt.损害；伤害 [教材原句]　Two-thirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake. 他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。 (1)injured adj.　　　　　　　　　　受伤的 the injured 伤员 (2)injury n. 伤；伤口；伤害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb. 伤害某人①This could serious