第十五讲：融入中国文化的英语诗歌.docVIP

重庆交通大学外国语学院课程《英美诗歌选读》电子课件：第十五讲 -  PAGE 6 - 《英美诗歌选读》课程教案首页 学生专业班级学 时 数教学目的教学内容教学重点教学难点教学进程教学方法教 具课后总结作 业备注：教学进程一栏可根据教学内容的多少自定页数。 第十五讲 融入中国文化的英美诗歌 庞德（Ezra Pound, 1885~1972）的《河商妻：一封信》（The River-Merchant’s Wife: A Letter）译自李白的《长干行》，很多西方读者就是通过这首诗了解到中国古诗的魅力的，此诗常被当成一首庞德的创作，其中从“十四为君妇”到“猿声天上哀”的译文如下： At fifteen I stopped scowling, I desired my dust to be mingled with yours Forever and forever and forever. Why should I climb the look out? At sixteen you departed, You went into far Ku-tou-yan, by the river of swirling eddies, And you have been gone five months. The monkeys make sorrowful noise overhead.  李白的《长干行》对应诗行：十四为君妇，羞颜未尚开。十五始展眉，愿同尘与灰。常存抱柱信，且上望夫台。十六君远行，瞿塘滟淤堆。五月不可触，猿声天上哀。 庞德当时并不懂汉语，某些地方的翻译并不到位，如典故“常存抱柱信”就没有译出，只是意译出了部分意思。“五月不可触”原意指五月份的季节里，看见一切都充满生机，而自己独守空房，了无生趣，十分伤心，译文you have been gone five months（你已离开五个月）是错误理解的结果。 庞德还翻译了汉武帝的《落叶哀蝉曲》，名之为Liu Che： The rustling of the silk is discontinued, Dust drifts over the court-yard, There is no sound of foot-fall, and the leaves Scurry into heaps and lie still, And she the rejoicer of the heart is beneath them: A wet leaf that clings to the threshold.  汉武帝的《落叶哀蝉曲》如下：罗袂兮无声，玉墀兮尘生。虚房冷而寂寞，落叶依于重扃。望彼美之女兮，安得感余心之未宁？庞德的《刘彻》译文如下：绸裙的窸瑟再不复闻，/ 灰尘飘落在宫院里，/ 听不到脚步声，/ 乱叶 飞旋着，/ 静静地堆积，/ 她，我心中的欢乐，睡在下面。/ 一片潮湿的树叶粘在门槛上。 此诗被称为美国象征派诗史上的杰作。特别落叶一句，被称意象叠加法的典范，落叶句成了美国诗史上一个很有名典故。庞德的这种翻译法，也被翻译界称为创造性翻译。 1938年，英国诗人奥登（1907~1973）同小说家衣修武德(Isherwood, 1904~1986)来到武汉，并去前线采访，他们一个用诗，一个用散文写下了他们在中国的见闻，合作而成《战地行》一书，于1939年出版。奥登的《中国十四行组诗》抒发了他对中国的关注，其中一首如下： Far from a cultural centre he was used: Abandoned by his general and his lice, Under a padded quilt he turned to ice And vanished. He will never be perused When this campaign is tidied into books: No vital knowledge perished in that skull; His jokes were stale; like wartime, he was dull; His name is lost for ever like his looks. Though runeless, to instructions from headquarters He added meaning like a comma when He joined the dust of China, that our daughters Might keep their upright