非谓语动词(最新高考专题复习).pptx

非谓语动词(the Non-Finite Verbs);一.定义：不能做句子谓语，但是能做其他成分的词，叫作-----。 二.分类： 1.不定式：(to) do 2.动名词：Ving 3.分词：现在分词（Ving）和过去分词（done） ;考点一.不定式和动名词做主语;规则3：不定式及动名词短语作主语时可转换成it作形式主语的结构。如： Its very hard to learn an art. It was no use sending him to a hospital. 规则4：带逻辑主语的动名词结构作主语时，可以和主语从句之间相互转换。如： His being elected our team leader made us all very excited.＝That he was elected our team leader made us all very excited. 他被选为我们的队长，使我们都很兴奋。 ;规则5：“adj.＋for sb to do sth”与“adj.＋of sb to do sth”。 若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb，这类形容词有difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous, (im)possible等；若形容词是对人物性格、特性等的描述，则常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语，这类形容词有brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, wicked, wrong等。如： Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street. It is kind of you to lend me so much money.;考点二　不定式和动名词作宾语;(2)stop to do sth停止、中断(某件事)，目的是去做另一件事 stop doing sth停止正在做的事 (3)remember to do sth记住去做某事(未做) remember doing sth记得做过某事(已做) (4)regret to do sth对要做的事遗憾(此类动词常为say, tell, inform等) regret doing sth对做过的事后悔 规则4:作宾语的动名词和不定式，它们的完成式表示该动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。如： I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago. 我非常感激两年前获得了一个出国学习的机会。 By all appearances, my choice of careers seems to have worked out.;规则5：特殊句型： 1.allow/permit doing与sb to do sth 的区别（高考考点：sb be allowed/permitted to do sth）; 2.Sb need to do sth, 区别与 sth need doing/to be done; 3.Be worth doing/n. 规则6：(1).如果做宾语的动词不定式后??宾语补足语，要用it作形式宾语： The found it hard to learn Chinese. ;(2) 如果宾语补足语是no good(no use,no need)时，真正的宾语用动名词：、 I think it no good doing it in that way; (3)介词的宾语一般多用动名词而动词不定式只是在个别介词后面“连接词+不定式”的形式表示： He is fond of swimming. He has his own idea of how to do it. 注意： He told us what to do.=He told us what we should do.; 规则7: 固定句型 (1)There is no good/point/sense/harm＋doing sth