【优化方案】（深圳专用）2013高中英语Module4SectionⅣGrammarWriting精品课件外研版必修5.pptVIP

Section Ⅳ　Grammar Writing;;[自我探究] 上面几句话的谓语都使用了________语态。 构成形式为“_________________”，_____的变化构成各种时态的被动语态。;一、英语的及物动词有两种语态 　主动语态和被动语态。主动语态中主语是谓语动词的执行者；被动语态中主语是谓语动词的承受者。被动语态由助动词be＋动词的过去分词构成。助动词be随主语有人称、数和时态变化。;被动语态的各种时态形式;二、用法 1．不知道动作的执行者，或没必要说出或不愿或不便说出动作的执行者时。 The window hasn’t been cleaned for weeks. 窗户已有数星期没擦了。 You are wished to do it more carefully. 希望你做的更仔细些。;2．强调或突出动作的承受者或事件本身时。 All the employees except the manager are encouraged to work online at home. 鼓励除了经理外所有的雇员在家里上网工作。 3．当动作的执行者不是人时。 The children were all shocked by the death of their mother. 听到妈妈的死讯孩子们都震惊了。;三、被动语态的特殊形式 1．含有情态动词的被动结构为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 He must be prevented from going. 必须阻止他去。 2．get＋过去分词为被动语态的变化形式，强调结果。 She got hurt last week.;她上星期受伤了。 3．双宾语结构用于被动语态时，通常将间接宾语变为主语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. →He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.;4．使役动词have，make，let以及感官动词see，watch，notice，hear，feel，observe 等在主动语态中后跟不带to的动词不定式作宾补；在被动语态中后跟带to的动词不定式。 (可简单记为：make，let与have，感官动词help，动词原形作宾补，被动语态要加to) Someone saw a stranger walk into the building.;→A stranger was seen to walk into the building. 四、主动形式表被动意义 1．当feel，look，smell，taste，sound等系 动词后面接形容词时；当cut，read，sell，wear，cook，shut，dry，drink，wash等表示某种性质时且带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。例如：;The fish smells good.鱼闻起来很香。 The book written by that famous writer is selling very well.那位作家写的书很畅销。 Cotton feels soft.棉花摸起来很柔软。 These cups clean easily.这些杯子很容易洗。;2．下面的短语经常使用主动语态： come out，come into being，go off， run out，give out，give in，belong to，happen，come true。 3．want，require，need，worth后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。例如： These flowers want/require/need watering. 这些花需要浇水。;These books are worth reading. 这些书值得读。 4．在“be＋adj.＋to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动表被动。例如： This apple isn’t fit to eat.这个苹果不能吃。;Ⅰ.用动词的适当形式填空 1．Something____________(smell)burnt.Look around to see if anything_________________(burn)right now. 2．This invention____________(make)two thousand years ago，but it____________still widely____________(use)all over the world.;3．Everything___________________(prepare)