2013高中考导航数学第五章第4课时.ppt

第4课时　数列求和;;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;(3)裂项相消法 把数列的通项拆成两项之差求和，正负相消剩下首尾若干项． (4)倒序相加法 把数列分别正着写和倒着写再相加，即等差数列求和公式的推导过程的推广． (5)错位相减法 主要用于一个等差数列与一个等比数列对应;项相乘所得的数列的求和，即等比数列求和公式的推导过程的推广． (6)并项求和法 一个数列的前n项和中，可两两结合求解，则称之为并项求和．形如an＝(－1)nf(n)类 型，可采用两项合并求解． 例如，Sn＝1002－992＋982－972＋…＋22－12 ＝(100＋99)＋(98＋97)＋…＋(2＋1)＝(100＋1)＋(99＋2)＋(98＋3)＋…＋(51＋50)＝5050. ;课前热身;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;解析：由题意得a1＋a2＋a3＋a4＋…＋a99＋a100 ＝(0＋2＋4＋…＋98)＋(2＋4＋6＋…＋100)＝5000. 答案：5000;4．数列a1＋2，…，ak＋2k，…，a10＋20共有十项，且其和为240，则a1＋…＋ak＋…＋a10的值为________．;;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;【题后感悟】　(1)数列求和应从通项入手，若无通项，则先求通项，然后通过对通项变形，转化为等差数列或等比数列或可求数列的前n项和的数列求和． (2)常见类型及方法 ①an＝kn＋b，利用等差数列前n项和公式直接求解；;②an＝a·qn－1，利用等比数列前n项和公式直接求解； ③an＝bn±cn，数列{bn}，{cn}是等比数列或等差数列，采用分组求和法求{an}的前n 项和． ;备选例题(教师用书独具) 在数列{an}中，已知a1＝2，an＋1＝4an－3n＋1，n∈N*. (1)设bn＝an－n，求数列{bn}的通项公式； (2)设数列{an}的前n项和为Sn，求Sn. ;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd.;【题后感悟】　(1)用错位相减法求和时，应注意 ①要善于识别题目类型，特别是等比数列公比为负数的情形； ②在写出“Sn”与“qSn”的表达式时应特别注意将两式“错项对齐”以便下一步准确写出“Sn－qSn”的表达式．;(2)利用错位相减法求和时，转化为等比数列求和．若公比是个参数(字母)，则应先对参数加以讨论，一般情况下分等于1和不等于1两种情况分别求和． ;备