大学英语语法7-介词短语.pptVIP

College English Grammar: Grammar and Writing;Unit 7;Prepositional phrase ;1. Form A prepositional phrase=a preposition+(adjectives)+a noun/pronoun My older daughter graduated from school. She then took a job. ? My older daughter took a job after school. When I studied, I had many questions about my selective courses. I often consulted the adviser. ? During my study period, I often consulted the adviser about my selective courses.;2. Functions Prepositional phrases have three formal functions in sentences. They can act as an adjective modifying a noun, as an adverb modifying a verb, or as a nominal when used in conjunction with the verb form to be. 2.1. As an adjective When a prepositional phrase is used as an adjective, it modifies a noun or a pronoun, answers the question “which one?” and always follows the word it modifies. People lives in the city People are accustomed to the traffic jams. ?People in the city are accustomed to the traffic jams. Please hand me the pen. The pen is behind the keyboard. ?Please hand me the pen behind the keyboard.;2.2. As an adverb When a prepositional phrase is used as an adverb, it modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb, answers the questions “how?”, “when?”, “where?” and may appear in different positions in a sentence.  The queen greeted the crowd. She smiled graciously. ? The queen greeted the crowd with a gracious smile. It was at midnight. Children got a surprise. They all woke up. ? At midnight, children all woke up with a surprise. (Generally, when a prepositional phrase begins a sentence, it modifies the verb.);2.3. As a noun When used in conjunction with the verb form to be, the prepositional phrase functions as a noun and acts as a predictive to express the existence or state of being of the subject. Our products are good. Their quality is prime. ? Our products are of prime quality. It was out of my expectation. A beautiful girl greeted me. The girl came from Japan.