成校新概念2第三十九课语法专题.pptVIP

Lesson 39 Am I All Right ? GRAMMAR 直接引语变 间接引语 1、人称的转变 1）直接引语中的第一人称一般转换为第三人称 如： He said，“I am very sorry.” ——He said that he was very sorry. 2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称 如： “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. —— My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。 如： She said to her son, “Ill check your homework tonight.” —— She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等， 如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?” —— He asked me whether I would go to the station with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon. 总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。 2、时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下： 3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况 1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时的时候， 如： He always says, “I am tired out.” ——He always says that he is tired out. 2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候， 如： He will say, “I’ll try my best to help you.” ——He will say that he will try his best to help me. 3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时 直接引语 间接引语 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 过去完成时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去完成时 过去进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 如： He said, “I went to college in 1994.” ——He told us that he went to college in 1994. 4）当直接引语中有以when, while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时， 如： He said，“When I was a child, I usually played football after school.” —— He said that when he was a child, he usually played football after school. 5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时， 如： Our teacher said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” —— Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound. 6）当引语是谚语、格言时， 如： He said，“Practice makes perfect.” ——He said that practice makes perfect. 7）当直接引语中有情态动词should, would, could, had better, would rather, might, must, ought to, used to, need时 如：She asked, “Must I take the medicine?” —— She asked if she had to take the medicine. 〔注〕：此处用had to代替must更好 此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there, 动词come不