定语从句高一.ppt

Noun clauses as the appositive;1. 同位语从句含义;;同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为 同一关系, 对其内容作进一步说明。如： I’ve come from Mr Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon. 我从王先生那里来, 他让我告诉你他 今天下午不能来看你了。;We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假, 这个问题我们还没有决定。 He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。 ;2. 同位语从句的引导词 ① 如果同位语从句意义完整, 则用that引导。 that不充当任何成分, 只起连接作用。如： The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once. 将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 (the soldiers should cross the river at once是 the order的全部内容, 且意义完整，因此应 用that引导同位语从句) ;② 如果同位??从句意义不完整，需增加 “是否”的含义, 则应该用whether引导。如： We’ll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time. 我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 注意: if不能引导同位语从句。 ;③ 如果同位语从句意义不完整, 需增加“什么 时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义, 应该用when, where, how等词引导。如： I have no idea when Chaplin’s film will be on. 我不知道卓别林的电影什么时候放映。 I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike. 我记不清他是怎样回家的, 或许是骑自行车 回去的。 ;④ 当主句的谓语较短, 而同位语从句较长时， 同位语从句常后置。如： The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 他突然想到敌人可能已经逃出城了。 Several years later, word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them. 几年以后, 有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自 视察他们。;区分同位语从句和定语从句时, 可以在先行词 与从句之间加一个系动词be, 使之构成一个 新句子, 如果句子通顺且符合逻辑, 则为同位 语从句, 反之, 则为定语从句。如： The report that he was going to resign was false. 他将辞职的传闻是假的。 本句中, 先行词与从句之间加上一个be后为： The report was that he was going to resign. 因为该句句意通顺, 所以that he was going to resign是同位语从句。;I have heard the news that he visited our factory. I have heard the news that he told you the other day.;1) 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea, thought, fact, truth, news, information, word, hope, belief, feeling, fear, doubt, possibility, chance, sign,promise, proposal, suggestion, advice, order,等有一定内涵的名词, 而定语从句的先行 词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。 ; He told me the news that he would come home from aboard soon. (同位语从句) ;其他连词同从中多为不定与疑问意义；而定从中为指代意义，另how与 what不可引导定从。;2)从性质上区别 定语从