英语句子成分基本句型课件.pptVIP

句 子 成 分 Members of a Sentence; 翻译并指出其语言单位名称 　1. a heavy rain 2. in the laboratory ;4. mentally and physically healthy 5. see a film ;1;*句子成分由词或词组充当;1. 主语 ( Subject );2. 谓语 ( Predicate );3. 宾语 ( Object );4. 表语 ( Predicative );系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等，表情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表变化。 be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。;二、按照句子的结构来分，英语的句子有以下三种类型： 1、简单句：简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语动词（或并列谓语动词）。如：My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.;3、复合句：复合句中含有一个或一个以上的从句。如：If we want to keep fit , we must always remember that prevention is better than cure. 从以上并列句和复合句的例句来看，我们不难看出它们实际上是由几个简单句通过并列连词或从属连词连接起来的。因此，只要我们掌握了简单句的几种基本句型，我们就可以通过在句中寻找起连接作用的连词来分析复杂的句子。;英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。;基本句型 一：Ｓ │ Ｖ （不及物动词）;基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）;Ｓ │Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ（表语） ;*There be 结构： There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。 此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’ ;基本句型 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）;Ｓ │Ｖ（及物动词）│ Ｏ（宾语）;基本句型 四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）;Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ ｏ（多指人） │ Ｏ（多指物）; 注意： 有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为to引导的短语，这类动词有 give, hand, show, send, bring, pass, lend, teach, tell, write, throw, sell, email等，表示动作是对谁做的。如： Can you lend us your car? =Can you lend your car to us? 有些动词引导的间接宾语可改为for引导的短语，这类动词有 buy, play, get, make, order, choose, sing, pay等，表示动作是为谁做的。如： My uncle bought me a watch. =My uncle bought a watch for me. ;一 找出下列句中的直接宾语。 She gave me her telephone number. Bring me some water, please. I’ll make you some fresh tea. He sang us a folk song. She showed me her paintings. 二 改为同义句 6 Tom gave me a nice pen. Tom____ a nice pen____ me. 7 My mother bought my little sister a pink shirt. My mother______ a pink shirt____ my little sister. 8 She cooked us a delicious meal. She ______ a delicious meal ____us. 9 Tim showed me his nice T-shirt. Tim______ his nice T-shirt____ me. 10 She made me a cup of coffee. She_____ a cup of coffee____ me. ;基本句型 五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）; The war made him a soldier. N