怎样做好英语翻译.pptVIP

翻译专题;一、考题介绍： ;二、翻译能力要求 ;三、应试策略;;四、四种句式的翻译技巧 ;经常涉及的句型有： It is believed that…有人认为 It is asserted that…有人主张 It is generally accepted…人们普遍认为 It is well known that…众所周知 It will be said…有人会说 It was told that…有人曾经说 It is hoped that…希望 It is said that…据说 It is reported that…据报道 It is supposed that…据推测 It must be admitted that…必须承认 It must be pointed out that…必须指出 ;（2）译成汉语的被动语态。 英语中的许多被动语态可以翻译成汉语的被动句。常用“被”、“给”、“遭”、“为……所”、“使”、“由”、“受到”等表示。例如： The car is made of steel. Early fires on the earth were certainly caused by nature, not by man. ;2.倍数的译法 英语和汉语在表述倍数方面存在着语言和思维差异。 倍数增加 （1）A is n times as great as B. A is n times greater than B. 译文：A的大小是B的n倍。或：A比B大n－1倍。 This book is three times as long as that one.这本书的篇幅是那本书的三倍（即长两倍）。 （2）increase to n times/increase n times/increase by n times 译文：增加到n倍（或增加n－1倍）。 The output of chemical fertilizer has been raised five times as against 2000. （3）double（增加一倍）， treble（增加两倍），quadruple（增加三倍） The efficiency of the machines has been more than doubled.这些机器的效率已提高了一倍多。 The value of the house has increased fourfold since 1949. 房价自1949年以来增加了三倍。;倍数减少 （1）A is n times as small as B. A is n times smaller than B. 译文：A的大小是B的1/n。或A比B小（n－1）/n。 This sort of membrane is twice thinner than ordinary paper. 这种薄膜比普通纸要薄一半（即是普通纸厚度的1/2）。 （2）decrease to n times/decrease n times/decrease by n times 译文：减少到1/n或减少（n－1）/n。 Switching time of the new-type transistor is shortened 3 times.新型晶体管的开关时间缩短了1/3（即缩短到2/3）。;3．定语从句的译法 译定语从句时，首先要确定定语从句的先行词。 （1）前置法 把英文定语从句翻译成带“的”的定语词组，放置于被修饰的词之前，将英语原文的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句。词法适用于比较短的限制性定语从句及较短的具有描述性的非限制性定语从句。 There are many plays that I’d like to see. 有很多我喜欢看的戏。 Last night I talked with Tom, who was my best friend. 我昨天晚上和好朋友汤姆进行了交谈。 ; (2) 后置法 如定语从句较长，如翻译成前置定语则不符合汉语的表达习惯。此时，把该定语从句翻译成并列的分居，放置于原来它所修饰的词的后面。 Mary passed her English test, which surprised everyone. 玛丽通过了英语考试，这使每个人都感到吃惊。 They are striving for the ideal, which is close to the heart of every Chinese. 他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的。;4.长句的译法 英语习惯