2012届高考英语语法精讲精练代词和数词[学生版].doc

第 PAGE22页 共 NUMPAGES22页 2012届新课标高三第二轮专题讲解 代词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一，也是考生容易出错的项目，因为代词具有较大灵活性。考生在做代词选择填空时最容易犯的错误是1）机械地套用语法规则；2）用汉语思维去分析题意。从高考考查情况看，高考考查最多的是不定代词，因为不定代词是整个代词中最为活跃的部分，其次是名词性物主代词和反身代词。 单数复数第一 人称第二 人称第三 人称第一 人称第二 人称第三 人称人称代词主格Iyouhe she itweyouthey宾格meyouhim her itusYouthem物主代词形容 词性myyourhis her itsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshis hers itsoursyourstheirs反身代词myselfyourselfhimself herself itselfourselvesyourselvesthemselves指示代词this that suchthese those such相互代词宾格each other one another所有格each other’s one another’s不定代词可数one each, many, (a) few ,both, another, either., neither不可数much, (a) little可数不可数any other all some复合 不定代词anyone anybody anything somebody something someone everyone everything everybody nobody nothing疑问代词who whom whose which what连接代词who whom whose which what（参见第九讲）关系代词who whom whose which that（参见第十一讲） 1.人称代词 ①在句中作主语用主格，在句中作宾语,则用宾格； She teaches them physics. ②在句中作表语常用宾格； Who is it? It’s me. 但有时要用主格：It was I who told him the whole story. 在强调句型中,强调的是主语,故I用主格。 ③两个或两个以上的人称代词并列时，其顺序是： 单数按2，3，1人称排列，复数按1，2，3人称顺序排列。 you, she and I ; we, you and they 2.物主代词 ①形容词性物主代词只能作宾语 We love our motherland. ②名词性物主代词可用作主语,表语和宾语 Your coat is black while mine is red. 3.反身代词 ①用作宾语、表语，或主语、宾语的同位语 He teaches himself Japanese every evening.（宾语） She is not quite herself today.她今天身体不太舒服。（表语） I myself can repair the bike.（主语的同位语） ②常用含有反身代词的惯用语归纳 by oneself= alone 独自 for oneself独立、为自己 be oneself处于正常状态,显得自然 enjoy oneself玩得愉快 seat oneself坐下 dress oneself in 给自己穿 devote oneself to专心于、献身于 help oneself to 自行取用、不用客气 come to oneself苏醒 make oneself at home 不要客气 4.指示代词 ①this和that是近指, that和those 是远指 I don’t want this book. I want that one. ②有时为了避免重复，常用that/ those 来代表前面出现过的名词 At this time of year，the weather here is much colder than that in Nanjing. ③this和that都可代表前面提到过的事情,若出现两个名词,