修改版高速列车过隧气压爆波的声学特征20140304.doc

收稿日期：2013-05-25；修回日期：2013-08-10 基金项目：国家自然科学基金资助项目U1134203） 通信作者：杨志刚（1976-），男，湖南桃源人，博士，从事列车气动声学方面的研究；电话Email： HYPERLINK mailto:englishtvcom@126. yangzg1976@163.com 高速列车穿越隧道气压爆波的声学特征 与传感器选型研究 杨志刚 谭晓明 梁习锋 任鑫 （中南大学 交通运输工程学院，轨道交通安全教育部重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410075） 摘 要：动模型实验和实车实验中均发现，传感器选型对气压爆波测试结果具有较大影响。本文利用实验数据研究不同速度级下气压爆波的时频特征，得出气压爆波能量主要分布在次声波区域的结论。又利用高阶谱差分的计算气动声学数值仿真技术研究气压爆波的远近场特性变化规律，获得隧道口外气动噪声源分布在2倍管口直径范围内的结论。在此基础上，对比分析三种不同传感器测试结果的合理性和准确性，给出不同情况下传感器的选型规律，并指出气压爆波在制定行业标准时需要综合考虑气压爆波幅值和频谱特性。 关键词：气压爆波；传感器；高阶谱差分；计算气动声学；频谱特性 中图分类号：U25 文献标识码：A Acoustical Characteristics of Micro-pressure Wave and Sensor Selection YANG Zhi-gang, TAN Xiao-ming，LIANG Xi-feng，REN Xin (Key Laboratory of Traffic Safety on Track, School of Traffic Transportation Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075,Hunan Province, China) Abstract:The measurement results of micro-pressure wave can be easily changed when different type of pressure sensor used in scaled model and real train tunnel experiments. The time-frequency characteristics of micro-pressure wave are presented in this paper at different train speed by using the experiments data, and it is concluded that micro-pressure wave energy is mainly distributed in the region of the infrasonic wave. The CAA model with high-order spectral difference method is used here to predict the wave radiation from tunnel portal, and it is concluded that the tunnel outlet aerodynamics noise source is mainly distributed within the scope of 2 times the pipe diameter. On this basis, the measurement results of micro-pressure wave by using three different types of sensors are checked and discussed which are useful for the sensor selection, and the paper points out that the amplitude and the frequency spectrum characteristics wave should be considered in formulating the micro-pressure wave industry standard. Key words：micro-pressure wave, sensor, high order spectral difference, computational aero-acoustics, spectrum character  CRH