PLC和基于Petri网的培训三维虚拟汽车造型公园与控制--毕业论文.pdfVIP

PLC and Petri Net Training Based on a 3D Virtual Car Park Modelling and Control 1．Introduction The Bolognas declaration introduces, in the European Union Education Space, a significative change in the learning process, by changing the focus from a paradigm oriented to the transmission to a paradigm oriented to the learning process. However, it is necessary to go further by introducing new tools that motivate and involve teachers and students in the learning process (Bourne 1995). Individual learning is the base concept and practice is nowadays a common answer to industry requirements (Kroumov 2003). One of the graduate automation lessons skills is to prepare students to develop PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) programs. The real PLC applications are applied in several industrial designs (Culley 2001). The student PLC programs can usually be tested in laboratories resorting to maquettes. A classical 2D maquette connects to the PLC through wires and basically contains several switches and lights. A 3D maquette, based on hardware, is easier to perceive but harder to control and prototype. The movement of objects that emphasize the model and capture the attention of students is a difficult task in a hardware based solution. Even more, usually there are several groups, forcing the use of more than one maquette at the same time. A virtual maquette is a tridimensional reconstruction of a model (industrial parts, buildings, cars , etc.) inside a computer containing realistic textures, lightning, different views stretching the distance from virtual to real (Foley 1995). The developed virtual maquette is composed by a PC application, reducing some hardware problems and allowing an attractive visualization. The student programming task is done resorting to development tools provided by the PLC manufacturers. This approach is better than a stand-alone simulation because allows students to practice with a real PLC, accessing to real hardware.