英语语音基本知识点.doc

PAGE  PAGE 6 第一讲?音标 一、英语中共有48个音标? 二、元音：发音时气流不受阻碍。元音分为单元音和双元音两类。? 单元音发音时唇形和舌位不变；双元音发音时由一个元音向另一个?元音滑动，唇形和舌位有一个变化过程，且前重后轻，前长后短。?? [i:] sea, he, see, piece [i] sit, build, miss, myth 3) [e] bed, desk, head, [?] bad, land, bank, stamp [a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt [?] hot, want 7) [?:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 8) [u:] good, who, blue, soup, [u ] look, put, women, could [Λ] cup, come, blood, rough [?:] girl, work, serve, nurse [?]? ago,?forget,?polite,?dollar,?doctor,?famous,?Saturday??? [ei]? cake,?they,?play,?eight,?great,?? 14) [ai]? bike,?die,?neither,?light,??try,?find,?eye??? 15) [?u]? phone,?cold,?boat,?soul,?grow??? 16) [au]? house,?town? 17) [?i] boy, oil 18) [i?] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19) [ε?] pear, care, there, fair 20) [u?] tour, poor 三、辅音：发音时气流受到阻碍。辅音分为清辅音和浊辅音两类。? 清辅音发音时声带不振动；浊辅音发音时声带振动。? [p] pen, pencil , point, pupil, people 2) [b] bed, comb, bread, bring, broke, buy 3) [t] tell, tea , team , teacher, tennis 4) [d] day, played, wanted, desk, duck, do 5) [k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, [g] big, go, guess, language, glass, grass [m] man, many, more, monkey, money, may 8) [n] nine, knife, autumn, nice, not, nose [η] bank, English, sing, thing, think 10) [l] land, world, lots, leaf, lovely, listen 11) [r] read, write, red, repeat, wrong, ring [f] five, cough, laugh [v] voice, of, love, lovely, save, live [θ] think, thing, three, thirty, [e] this, mother, brother, their, there [s] sit, miss, science, case, scarf [z] zoo, close, rose, nose, zero [∫]sure, she, social, nation ,station 19) [ ?] pleasure, treasure [h] hot, who, hour , him, his, whose 21) [w] wall, what, water, which, well [j] yes, year, yesterday, yellow, yet [t∫] child, teach, catch ,children [?] joke, bridge, orange, judge, cage [ts] boats coats sit