12 unit 5+6对比4 翻译技巧 1.ppt

高级英汉翻译 主讲：臧红宝 外国语学院英语系 April 3，2014;Words;;充分肯定 邢军在讲话中充分肯定了上半年本市妇联工作。 原译: In her speech Xing Jun fully affirmed what the city’s women’s associations have done in the first half of the year. fully affirmed-------- highly appreciated ;汉英对比-句子;The insect nibbles the green leaves.The toad eats the insect that nibbles the green leaves.The snake catches the toad that eats the insect that nibbles the green grass. 蛇吃癞蛤蟆，癞蛤蟆吃虫子，虫子吃绿叶。;枯藤老树昏鸦小桥流水人家古道西风瘦马夕阳西下断肠人在天涯 （意合）;2.重心的位置 英语句子和汉语句子的重心相同，一般都落在结果结论等上，但重心的位置不同，英语一般是前重心，而汉语句子一般是后重心。 现代汉语行文表述顺序大致有以下倾向：先说条件，前提，后说结论，断语；先交待时间，地点，后交待事件，人物行为；先推出背景，前因，后摆出发展和后果；先铺述一般，后刻划具体等等。多层次叙述时，大体上也是从广到窄，从大到小，从远到近，从先到后等。;曾国藩“屡战屡北”和“屡北屡战”的故事。 He was repeatedly defeated though he fought over and over again.He fought over and over again though he was repeatedly defeated.;The people of a small country can certainly defeat aggression by a big country, if only they dare to rise in struggle, dare to take up arms and grasp in their own hands the destiny of their own country. 小国人民敢于起来斗争，敢于拿起武器，掌握自己国家的命运，就一定能够战胜大国的侵略。（条件——结果） ;3. “主-谓”结构 汉语主语不一定在句首, 无主语的句子和无动词的句子比比皆是，连动式与兼语式也很常见。 英语 “主-谓”结构（S-V）， SV, SVO, SVOO, SVOC, SVC,每一句式都少不了S与V。;汉语主语不一定在句首;汉语主语不一定在句首;;Ex.; 1. 那个男孩哭得似乎心碎了，当我问他时，他说他已有两天没吃东西了，实在饿极了。2. 施恩勿记，受恩勿忘。3. 物不如新，人不如旧。;1) 胎又瘪了。 1.We’ve got another flat tyre. 2.The tyre turns flat again.??? [搭配]ADJ. flat, punctured 瘪的轮胎；扎破的轮胎: I got a flat tyre soon after setting off. 我出发没多久车胎就瘪了。blown-out, burst 爆裂的轮胎;主语不变;1) 北京地区由于近些年加强了植树造林，在一些地方飞来了稀有的鸟类。 Quite a few rare birds come to settle down in some places around Beijing thanks to the expansion of woods there these years. ;2) 健康不佳就无法有效工作。 1.Poor health may cause one’s inefficiency at work. 2.You cannot work efficiently if you are in poor health. ;增补主语;There be专练;there…be结构;;“人生南北多歧路，将相神仙，也要凡人做。百代兴亡朝复暮，江风吹倒前朝树。功名富贵无凭据，费尽心情，总把流光误。浊酒三杯沉醉去，水流花谢知何处。” Men in their lives Go on different ways; Generals, statesmen, Saints and even immortals Begin as ordinary people. Dynasties rise and fall, Morn