世界经济教学资料 international policy coordination [终稿].pptVIP

;Case; The foreign exchange crisis ——failure in international policy coordination;ERM Purpose: limit or narrow the fluctuation of foreign exchange rate;1990 German reunion The tremendous inflation pressure Improve its rate (betray ERM); German: implement the inflation policy to decrease its rate. ;German bank : the purpose of is to restrain the currency inflation never decrease its rate. ;international speculators sold out pound vastly bought mark;Pros of ERM : internalize exchange policy externalities, get the most out of a limited number of policy instruments gain the support from abroad;Past Present;The Fiscal and Monetary Policy Coordination in European Debt Crisis;欧债危机 欧洲主权债务危机 政府的债务超过了自身的承受范围，而引起的违约风险;Crisis in Greece;Spread in Euro-zone;1 Governments’ leveraged measures in financial crisis brought the debt burden for themselves. 金融危机中政府加杠杆化使债务负担加重 2 Rating agencies adjusted rating relative-correctly without the constraints from the western countries. 评级机构不再受西方国家约束，正确调整评级 3 Industry structure was out of balance with fragile economic development real economy hollowing-out. 产业结构不平衡：实体经济空心化，经济发展脆弱;Contrastive analysis with textbook 1 Internalizing international policy externalities. 2 Getting the most out of a limited number of policy instrument. 3 Gaining support from abroad. ;n324810114.shtml ;Solution with cooperation;Divergences reappear now;Directions in the future;THX！;Carbon Emissions;;Part 1: United?Nations?Climate?Change?Conference;Framework ＆Aim;UNFCC Kyoto Protocol;;Part 2: The Copenhagen summit;Outcome： The?conference?did?not? achieve?a?binding agreement? for?long-term?action Aftermath: carbon prices dropped;Analyze the reasons: not willing to sacrifice their own interests mutual understanding failed to be built not fully aware of the consequences lack of corporative mechanism and supervision system directly led to weak executive power global recession and conserva