11精品中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 6 初中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习 英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气三类。? 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。?条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。 如果假设的情况可能发生，是真实条件句，这种情况下谓语用陈述语气。如： If time permits, well go fishing together.如果时间允许，我们就一起去钓鱼。 如果假设的情况是不存在的或不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如： If you had come yesterday, you would have met that famous professor.如果你昨天来，你就会见到那位著名的教授了。 虚拟语气的基本形式和用法在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气。 I.?含有条件状语从句的复合句 一、与现在事实相反 连接词条件从句结果从句If1.动词过去式(或were) 2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形Should Would +动词原形 could mightIf had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall. If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.? 二.与将来事实相反 连接词条件从句结果从句If1.???? should+动词原形 2.???? 动词过去式 3、were to+动词原形Should Would +动词原形 could mightIf you should lose, what would you do? If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth. If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.? 三、与过去事实相反 连接词条件从句结果从句Ifhad+过去分词Should Would + have+过去分词 could mightIf I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country. 注意事项：1．倒装句。如果条件句中含有功能词had，should，were时，可以省去If，把功能词提前，构成倒装句。2．错综条件句。若条件句和主句动作不存在同一个时间，则谓语形式应根据具体情况而定。???? If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. ???? If I were you, I would have gone home. 3???If?there?werent/had?not?been?+…=without…4．If?it?were?not?for…/?If?it?hadnt?been?for…=?but?for…5．otherwise+虚拟语气的句子II.?虚拟语气用在宾语从句中??? sb.?did?…(希望现在用过去式)?1.?wish+that??sb.?had?done…（希望过去用过去完成式） sb.?would/should?do（希望将来用过去将来）2.?would?rather后的从句要用虚拟语气。 虚拟现在????were,?did?(动词一般过去式)虚拟过去????had?done虚拟将来????did?(动词一般过去式)例：I?would?rather?I?hadn’t?said?such?unkind?things?to?you.?（虚拟过去） Id?rather?you?came?here?for?the?answer?tomorrow?morning.?（虚拟将来）I’d?rather?you?posted?the?letter?right?away.??(虚拟现在)???3.?suggest+（that）S+should+do…?表示愿望、建议、请求等主观意向的动词之后的宾语从句，谓语用should?＋动词原形，should常常省略。这类词有：decide，demand，desire，insist，order，propo