M6Unit1Grammarandusage教程.ppt

;Unit 1Laughter is good for you Grammar and usage;To overview non-finite verbs To master non-finite verbs used as the subject, the attributive, and the object complement To learn the differences among to- infinitive, verb-ing and verb-ed;Overview;Read and think;Infinitive, verb-ing, verb-ed;不定式作主语与-ing形式作主语区别：;2. 不定式和-ing形式作主语时都有两 种形式： (1)放在主语位置 To see is to believe. Saying is easier than doing. (2)It作形式主语；在现代英语中，不定 式作主语时更倾向于用it作形式主 语；但在-ing形式作主语时，it作形 式主语通常是用于某些形容词或者 名词后面。如：;-ing形式做真正主语用于： It’s interesting/tiring/boring/nice/ terrible/better/foolish/enjoyable/worth-while/useless/dangerous… doing sth. It’s no use/no good/a waste of time doing sth.;3.-ing形式和不定式作主语时习惯用法： (1)主语与表语一致，即当表语是-ing形式时，主语也要用-ing形式；当表语是不定式时，主语也要用不定式。 eg. Teaching is learning. To teach is to learn. (2)在“There be +no…”这种结构中，通常用-ing形式作主语。 eg. There is no telling what will happen.;非谓语动词作定语： (1)不定式作定语要放在它所修饰的名词之后，表示一个将来的动作，即不定式的动作发生在谓语之后。也可用来修饰have、there be、with之后的名词，表示“有…要…”或修饰“the+序数词”。不定式作定语，被修饰的词是不定式动作发生的时间、地点、工具或对象时，要加上适当的介词。;When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _____.A. to send? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. for sending itC. to send it to? ?? ??D. for sending it to 解析： 答案C。the person是send it的对象可 理解为to send it to the person。;2. There are five pairs ______, but I’m at a loss which to choose. A. to be chosen? ??B. to choose from C. to choose? ?? ?? ?D. for choosing 解析： 答案选B。是“有五双可选择”即“从这五双中选择一双”而不是“选择五双”。;3. Then there are always people to ______ if you fell like a chat. A. talk to? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?B. talk C. speak about? ?? ?? ?? D. speak 解析： 答案选A。people是talk的对象，即talk to people。;(2)-ing形式作定语时与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的主谓关系，表示该名词的特点、性质等。作前置定语的-ing形式前面可有状语修饰，即转化为形容词，状语多用very, rather等加强词，如： This is a rather boring film. 有时候也可换成定语从句： eg. Barking dogs seldom bit. =Dogs which barks seldom bit.;The flowers ____ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.A. to smell? ?? ?