BlackholeandHawkingradiation.PDFVIP

Black hole and Hawking radiation by type-II Weyl fermions G.E. Volovik1, 2 1Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University, P.O. Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland 2Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, acad. Semyonov av., 1a, 142432, Chernogolovka, Russia (Dated: October 31, 2016) The type-II Weyl and type-II Dirac fermions may emerge behind the event horizon of black holes. Correspondingly the black hole can be simulated by creation of the region with overtilted Weyl or Dirac cones. The ?lling of the electronic states inside the ”black hole” is accompanied by Hawking radiation. The Hawking temperature in the Weyl semimetals can reach the room temperature, if the black hole region is su?ciently small, and thus the e?ective gravity at the horizon is large. PACS numbers: I. INTRODUCTION The elementary particles of Standard Model (quarks and leptons) are originally the fermions obeying the Weyl equation.1 In condensed matter the Weyl fermions live in the vicinity of the Weyl point. The Weyl point is the exceptional point of level crossing in the space of 3 parameters,2 in this case these are three components of the 3 momentum px, py and pz of the 3D energy spectrum. This crossing point is topologically protected. It represents the monopole in the Berry phase ?ux,4,5 which is described by the momentum-space topological invariant, the Chern number N3 = ±1. The Weyl point with higher Chern numbers, |N3| 1, describes the higher order touching of two energy bands.6 Weyl fermions exist in chiral super?uid 3He-A, where the corresponding e