正做-专业英语(L11)概念.ppt

Part Ⅱ Mine Safety ; ; ;[教学重点、难点] Ventilation [课时安排] 1.5 credit hour [授课方法] 讲授与讨论相结合;复习旧课 1．回忆SHT 、chemisorption（化学吸附作用）专业词汇的中文含义；氧化作用（oxidation）、采空区（goaf or gob）、自燃倾向性susceptibility to spontaneous combustion英文表达。 2．Please describe the primary dangers of concealed fires. (the evolution of carbon monoxide, the ignition of methane and combustion progressing into airways to produce open fires); The natural atmosphere that we breathe contains not only its gaseous constituents but also large numbers of liquid and solid particles. These are known by the generic [d?inerik] name aerosols[ ε?r?s?l]. They arise from a combination of natural and industrial sources including condensation([,k?ndensei??n]压缩；凝结；冷凝) , smokes, volcanic activity, soils and sands, and microflora. ;Most of the particles are small enough to be invisible to the naked eye. Dust is the term we use in reference to the solid particles. The physiologies of air-breathing creatures have evolved to be able to deal efficiently with most of the aerosols that occur naturally. ;However, within closed industrial environments, concentrations of airborne particulates may reach levels that exceed the ability of the human respiratory system to expel them in a timely[taimli] manner. In particular, mineral dusts are formed whenever rock is broken by impact, abrasion, crushing, cutting, grinding or explosives. ;The fragments that are formed are usually irregular in shape. The large total surface area of dust particles may render([rend?]致使)them more active physically, chemically and biologically than the parent material. This has an important bearing on the ability of certain dusts to produce lung[l??] diseases.;The three major control methods used to reduce airborne dust in tunnels and underground mines: ventilation, water, and dust collectors.;Ventilation Ventilation air reduces dust through both dilution and displacement. The dilution mechanism operates when workers are surrounded by a dust cloud and additiona