动词被动语态讲与练.doc

动词被动语态讲与练 一．被动语态的含义： 英语动词的语态有两种----- 主动语态和被动语态 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。 二．被动语态的构成：be+过去分词构成。 被动语态的时态通过be表现出来。 以 “watch”为例，各时态谓语动词的主动和被动 时态名称主动被动 一般现在 watch / watches _____________watched 一般过去 watched _____________watched 一般将来 am/is/are going to watch will watch _________________ watched _________________watched 现在进行 am / is / are watching _________________watched 过去进行 was / were watching ___________watched 现在完成 have /has watched _______________watched 过去完成 had watched _______________watched三．被动语态的变化方式 He plants trees in spring. 3 2 1 Trees are planted （by him）in spring. 主动语态变被动语态口诀： 宾语提前主语变，原主变宾by后见，时态人称be关键。 1.His brother washes bowls every day. Bowls _______ _________ by his brother every day. 2.They make shoes in that factory. Shoes _______ ________ ________ ________in that factory. 3.Tom will clean the room tomorrow. The room ________ ________ __________ by Tom. 4.They bought ten computers last term． Ten computers _______ ________ _______ _________last term. 5.Amy can take good care of Gina ． Gina _______ _______ ________ ________ ________ by Amy. 6.They will finish the work in ten days. The work_______ _______ _______ (by them) in ten days. 7.Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms ________ ________ ________ ________ some workers now. 8.We have made twenty more keys． Twenty more keys________ _______ ________ by us. 9.I was doing my homework at 8:00 last night． My homework_______ _________ _________ (by me) at 8:00 last night. 被动变化中应注意的问题： 1.注意短语动词的完整性（即：主动句的谓语动词若由v + prep / adv构成，变被动语态时，不能将这些介词、副词遗漏或隔开。 eg. We must take care of the baby. →The baby must be taken care of. 2.在主动??省“to”的动词不定式 在被动中要加“to”. The teacher made him stand for two hours. He was made to stand for two hours(by the teacher). 这类动词有： A: 使役动词：let / make / have sb. do B:感观动词：see / watch / hear / feel / notice sb. do 3.含双宾语动词的变化 She gave me a book. I was given a book. A book was given to