肾脏学(英文)Nephrology.pdf

NEPHROLOGY Dr. J. Bargman and Dr. M. Schreiber Timothy Welke and Darren Yuen, chapter editors Katherine Zukotynski, associate editor NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 GLOMERULAR DISEASE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Renal Structure and Function General Considerations Renal Hemodynamics Classification of Glomerular Disease according to Control of Renal Hemodynamics Syndrome/Presentation Tubular Reabsorption and Secretion Classification of Glomerular Disease according to Endocrine Function of the Kidney Measurement of Renal Function Etiology Measurement of Tubular Function Primary Glomerular Disease The Kidney In Pregnancy Secondary Glomerular Disease URINE STUDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 TUBULOINTERSTITIAL NEPHRITIS . . . . . . . .27 General Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Urinalysis Chronic Tubulointerstitial Nephritis Microscopy Crystals NSAID NEPHROPATHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Urine Electrolytes ACUTE TUBULAR NECROSIS (ATN) . . . . . . . . . 29 ABNORMAL RENAL FUNCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Ischemia Proteinuria Toxins Hematuria ELECTROLYTE DISORDERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 VASCULAR DISEASES OF THE KIDNEY . . . . .29 Hyponatremia/Hypernatremia Hyponatremia DIABETES AND THE KIDNEY . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30 Hypernatremia Hypokalemia HYPERTENSION (HTN) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 Hyperkalemia Renovascular Hypertension