新托福阅读单项题型解析.docVIP

PAGE  PAGE 3 新托福阅读单项题型解析 朗阁托福考试研究中心 虽然托福阅读考试中提醒众多，但是有的题型在考试中考到的题目却是不多，就像今天本文中要讲的修辞目的题（Rhetorical Purpose Questions），相信很多对托福考题有一定了解的学生一定是不陌生的，也正是因为题型多，但每种题型数量不多，在一定程度上对考生的备考加大了一定的难度！这种题型是新托福必考题型，每篇文章考0-2题。朗阁托福考试研究中心分析认为，它主要考查考生们理解作者为什么在文章中某个特别位置或者以某种特殊的方式陈述一个特别的信息。 1）有时要求学生确定一个段落与另一个段落之间的联系 2）有时考查作者提到某一条特别信息的原因（句子之间的联系） 注意：此类题目不考查整篇文章的结构，只考查句子或段落之间的逻辑关系。 问题形式 ?The author discusses X in paragraph 2 in order to… ?Why does the author mention X? ?The author uses X as an example of… 答题技巧 修辞目的题一般可分为以下几类： 一、例子题 例子题一般占修辞目的题出题机会的70%, 题干中出现的X本身是段落中出现的一个例子，这类题是送分题，因为要么是先举例子后总结/概述（理论），要么是先概述（理论）后举例子，所以答案多半是绕过例子看概述，而概述的改写就是本题答案的所在，也就是说哪个选项的内容和概述的内容一致就是答案。因此考生也可以用排除法选答案。 如：OG Title: ARTISANS AND INDUSTRIALIZATION Paragraph 4 The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily. The factory clock became the symbol of the new work rules. One mill worker who finally quit complained revealingly about “obedience to the ding-dong of the bell——just as though we are so many living machines.” With the loss of personal freedom also came the loss of standing in the community… 4. In paragraph 4, the author includes the quotation from a mill worker in order to ○ support the idea that it was difficult for workers to adjust to working in factories ○ to show that workers sometimes quit because of the loud noise made by factory machinery ○ argue that clocks did not have a useful function in factories ○ emphasize that factories were most successful when workers revealed their complaints 分析：此题中我们根据mill worker定位，能定位到原文对应内容为One mill worker who finally quit complained revealingly about “obedience to the ding-dong of the bell——just as though we are so many living machines”, 绕过例子读理论，理论“The first generation to experience these changes did not adopt the new attitudes easily. The factory clock became the symbol of the new work rules.”在例子前面，根据此理论，我们即可以选出正确答案为第一个选项。 二、逻辑关系词或者态度类词汇的题 在段落中，将某一个逻辑关系词X划出，题干中why does the author mention X? 朗阁托福考试研究中心分析认为，这种题目的解法主要是关注