2014高中英语Module4Grammar同步导学课件外研版必修4.ppt

Module 4 Great Scientists Grammar 被动语态(复习)和by +v. -ing的用法 ;【探究寻规】 用所给动词或短语的适当时态和语态完成句子。 1. Rice ________(grow) in many Asian and some European countries. 2. Yuan Longping ______________(bring up) in China. 3. The new hybrid rice _________________(develop) by the Yuan Longping High-tech Agricultural Company of China. ;【语法精点】 Ⅰ. 被动语态 一、基础点拨 1.被动语态的概念。 语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。 2.被动语态的构成。 被动语态由“be+动词的过去分词”构成，动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词的变化完全一样。 ; 各种时态的被动语态的谓语动词形式如下： ;过去进行时; *A lot of books are kept in our school library. 我们学校图书馆有许多藏书。 *They were asked to speak at the meeting. 他们被邀请在会议上讲话。 *The class meeting will be held next Saturday afternoon. 班会将会在下周六下午召开。 *They said the work would be finished the next day. 他们说这项工作第二天就能完成。 *A new library is being put up in their school now. 他们学校正在建新图书馆。; *The equipment was being examined at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时间正在检查设备。 *Many stamps have been collected by me since last year. 从去年开始我收集了许多邮票。 *She said this airport had never been used. 她说这个机场没有使用过。 *The project will have been completed before July. 七月份之前就会完成这项工程。 *He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 他告诉我他的新衣服将很快做好。; 3. 被动语态的特殊结构形式。 (1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 *The question needn’t be discussed. 这个问题不必讨论。 *The classroom must be cleaned at once. 这个教室必须立即打扫。; (2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，主动结构中的间接宾语变为主语时，直接宾语仍然保留在谓语后面；直接宾语变为主语时，间接宾语前通常加上介词for/to。 *He was asked a number of questions at the press conference. 在记者招待会上人们问了他很多问题。 *A new MP4 was given to him as a birthday present/gift. 他收到了一个新MP4作为生日礼物。; (3)在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。 We heard hi