第2章汉英语言词汇对比研究.pptVIP

词的理据;能指(signifiers)：词的外在形式和音响。;1.语音理据; 2.文字理据;印欧语系（Indo-European language family）,拼音文字(phonetic systems)或是以字母为代表的线性文字。;汉字的字符表意性强，表音性差，两者之间没有直接关系的特点使汉语成为一种视觉性语言，而这种语言具有超越时空，以不变应万变的特点。因此，汉字的拼写形式呈现相对稳定的特点，所代表的意义变化不大。;汉语表意性文字为其高理据性付出的代价;3.形态理据;4.词汇(1); ;★构词顺序;汉语组句的自由度大，不求形式齐整，但求意思通顺。如：晒太阳 to bask in the sun. 晒衣服 to sun one’s clothes救火 firefighting 救国 to save the nation吃食堂 to have one’s meals in the mess.吃苹果 to eat an apple打扫卫生 to do some cleaning打扫房间 to clean the room.; ★词语伸缩;★缩略;英语的缩略词;网络流行缩??语;3.网聊用语的缩略;FURL: for your information . Eg. All these R only FURL. G2G: got to go : I’ve G2G away 4 a year on an English program. GL(good luck); GMTA(great minds think alike); HT(Hi there你好） IDK(I don’t know); IK( I know); ILU (I love you); IMO(in my opinion); IOW(in other words); IRL(in real life);IMS( I am sorry); JK(just kidding) K or OKL(ok); KIT( keep in touch); L8R(later); LTL( Lets talk later); LUV(love); OTP(on the phone) ;OIC(oh,I see); PIC(picture); PLZ(s):please PPL(people); PW(password); R(are); RUOK(are you okay?); SCHL(school); LTNC(S):Long time no chat (see); MSG(message); NP(no problem); SN(screen name昵称); SP(support); ThX(thanks); TM(trust me); TU(thank you) KIS(keep it simple).eg. The principle that U need 2 know about making friends is KIS. U(you); U2(you too); UN(user name); URW(you are welcome); WB(welcome back); WBS(write back soon); WU(what’s up?) ;YR(year); 4(for); 4ever(forever);4get(forget); 2(to or too), I’d like 2 know what U do 4 a living. 2B or not 2B(to be or not to be) ;★词序 ;状语;思维方式差异 ;思维文化背景导致词序不同;观点阐释;Way of Life (生活) ;时间观念;Contacts(传播) ;Queue when Waiting 排队等候;Sundays on the Road ;Party宴会 ;In the restaurant 就餐;Traveling ;Handling of Problems ;Transportation ;Elderly in day to day life ;The Boss;Whats Trendy ;The child