第1讲词汇对等与空缺.pptVIP

第一讲 词汇对等与空缺;I. Language, Culture and Translation;II. Lexical Equivalence;marry 嫁、娶 wife 妻子、老婆、爱人、夫人 cousin 堂兄、堂弟、堂姐、堂妹、表哥、表弟、表姐、表妹 杯子 cup, glass, mug 工厂 factory, plant, mill, works 明显 evidently, apparently, obviously;青少年(八九岁到20多岁的人) teenager (13-19岁的人) 知识分子(上过学有知识的人) intellectual (有学问、层次较高的知识分子) 学者(知识渊博的人) scholar (正在学习的人或有学问的人);Predator (以猎食其他动物为生的动物；猎食动物) Prey (被别的动物捕食的动物；被食动物) Scavenger (吃死动物的动物；食尸动物) weekday (星期天或星期六、星期天以外的日子；平日);Try to find an equivalent for a word or expression to achieve faithfulness. (1) speak one’s mind 畅所欲言 (2) turn up one’s nose at 嗤之以鼻 (3) touch and go 一触即发 (4) hit the nail on the head 一??道破 (5)充耳不闻 turn a deaf ear to (6)大海捞针 look for a needle in a bundle of hay (7)颠倒黑白 talk black into white (8)骑虎难下 hold a wolf by the ear;(9) Make hay while the sun shines. 趁热打铁。 (10) Ill news travels fast. 好事不出门，坏事传千里。 (11)皇天不负苦心人。 Everything comes to him who waits. (12)小巫见大巫。 The moon is not seen when the sun shines. (13) I took the news with a grain of salt. 我对这个消息半信半疑。 (14) Unless you’ve got an ace up your sleeve, we are dished. 除非你有锦囊妙计，否则，我们是输定了。;(15) She is now between the devil and deep sea on this matter. 她在这个问题上进退维谷。 (16) 这些国家的经济形势每况愈下。 The economic situation in these countries is on the down grade. (17) 为了掩人耳目，他们把自己打扮成革命者。 In order to throw dust into the eye of the public, they decked themselves out as revolutionaries. (18) 照当时情况，他除了忍气吞声又能怎么办呢？ As things stood, what else could he do but swallow the insult?;Don’t take the words too literally. (19) pull sb’s leg 愚弄；开玩笑 *拉后腿 (20) move heaven and earth 想方设法；千方百计 *翻天覆地，感天动地 (21) child’s play 简单的东西，容易的事情 *儿戏 (22) eat one’s words 承认自己说错了话 *食言 (23) dog-eat-dog 残酷争夺；人吃人的关系 *狗咬狗 ;III. Lexical Gap;[landing] the level space or passage at the top of a set of stairs between two sets of stairs 楼梯顶部的走廊；楼梯阶段间的驻脚台 (26) She brought up the water, stopping at each landing to get her breath. 她提水上楼，在每一个楼梯拐弯处歇脚喘气。 [living room] a room for general family use, usually during leisure hour