翻译文稿新.docVIP

Implement Training for Concentric- based Muscle Action 基于肌肉向心收缩的训练手段 Abstract: Recently, there has been greater use of implements in strength and conditioning. That allows athletes to complete movements while minimizing or eliminating eccentric stress.The use of sleds during training is an example of one of these tools.That is a novel implement for athletes striving to gain concentric strength while simultaneously decreasing the chance of acquiring muscle soreness. The purpose of this article is to help coaches and trainers gain insight on the proposed benefits and purposes of using sleds and to explain practical applications based on recent literature and from the authors’ own personal experiences and observations. KEY WORDS: concentric; resistance training; sled 摘要: 相比以前，更多的向心训练器械应用到力量、体能训练实践中。这使得运动员在运动过程中尽可能的减少或避免离心张力。阻力橇就是这些向心训练器械中的一种。它对于那些想要同时增加向心力量和减少训练后肌肉酸痛的运动员来说是一项新奇的训练工具。此研究旨在帮助教练员和训练师进一步了解阻力橇的使用意义与目的，并基于当前研究成果与笔者亲身经历和见闻，对其实践运用进行阐释。 关键字： 向心； 抗阻训练；阻力橇 INTRODUCTION 引言 Muscle actions may be generally broken down into 3 types: concentric, eccentric, and isometric. However, concentric and eccentric muscle actions are the only 2 that are dynamic—that is, muscle length changes while force is being generated (24). 通常情况下，肌肉的收缩形式可分为三种：向心收缩、离心收缩和等长收缩。其中只有离心收缩和向心收缩属于动态收缩形式 — 即肌肉收缩产生力量时肌肉长度也发生变化。 Dynamic constant external resistance (DCER) training using machines or free weights employs movements that contain both an eccentric and a concentric muscular action (13).While both actions are extremely important to the completion of a lift, the characteristics of concentric and eccentric muscle actions are stark in comparison. 使用组合器械或者自由重量来进行的连续对抗外在阻力的动态收缩训练(DCER)，其训练动作包括了肌肉的离心和向心两种肌肉收缩形式(13)。虽然两种肌肉收缩形式对于克服阻力都非常重要，但是肌肉的向心收缩和离心收缩有着明显的区别。 One critical differentiation is that higher levels of muscle tension can be generated during eccentric muscle actions (3). Moreover, there is a significant amount of mechanical stress accrued during this part of the lift due to the length