计算机专业英语chap新ter2.ppt

Computer Hardware;Section A CPU ;microwave ; software [s?ft,w?r] n. [U]1. 【电脑】软件My job is writing the software. 我的工作是写软件。 2. (跟随电子设备的)程序材料 Instructions [?n‘str?k??n] n. 1、指令,指示, 用法说明(书), 教育, 指导 2、命令,指示 ~+to-v ~+(that) 3、教诲;教导;译; Most computer systems, from the embedded controllers found in automobiles and consumer appliances to personal computers and mainframes, have the same basic organization. Every computer has four basic hardware components： ?Central processing unit(CPU). ?Main memory ?Input devices. ?Output devices.;embedded adj.1、植入的, 深入的, 内含的 2、嵌入的 3、嵌入式照明设备 organization [,?rg?n?ze??n] n.1. 组织,机构,团体[C]2. 组织工作;体制,编制[U][C]3. 条理,系统[U]4. 【生】有机体[C];译; Fig. 2-1 shows these components in a block diagram. The lines between the blocks represent the flow of information flows from one component to another on the bus, which is simply a group of wires connecting the components. Processing occurs in the CPU and main memory. The organization in Fig. 2-1, with the components connected to each other by the bus, is common. However, the other configurations are possible as well. Computer hardware is often classified by its relative physical size： Small microcomputer; Medium minicomputer; Large mainframe. ;configuration;Fig. 2-1 The basic architecture of microcomputer;译; Just the CPU of a mainframe often occupies an entire cabinet. Its input/ output(I/O) devices and memory might fill an entire room. Microcomputers can be small enough to fit on a desk or in a briefcase. As technology advances, amount of processing previously possible only on large machines becomes possible on smaller machines. Microcomputers now can do much of the work that only minicomputers or mainframes could do in the past. ;cabinet;译; The classification just described is based on physical size as opposed to storage size. A computer system user is generally more concerned w