演讲翻译的批评赏析.ppt

演讲翻译的欣赏批评; 　 １.　演讲 （历史，特点，分类等） 　２.　演讲的翻译 　　３.　演讲翻译的赏析与批评 ; １.　演讲 　　　演讲的历史 　　　演讲的分类 　　　演讲的特点; 演讲的定义： 演讲又叫讲演或演说，是指在公众场所，以有声语言为主要手段，以体态语言（面部表情、手势动作、身体姿态等）为辅助手段，针对某个具体问题，鲜明、完整地发表自己的见解和主张，阐明事理或抒发情感，进行宣传鼓动的一种语言交际活动。;主要形式： 大体有如下四种： 照读式演讲 背诵式演讲 提纲式演讲 即兴式演讲; 分类： 介绍型演讲 告知型演讲 劝说型演讲 特殊场合演讲;1、按演讲内容大致分为 ①政治演讲(包括竞选演说)、就职演说(或称施政演说)、会议辩论、集会演说等; ②教育演讲，包括知识讲座、学术报告等; ③宗教演讲; ④经济演讲、包括商业广告演讲、投标介绍演讲等; ⑤军事演讲等。 2、按演讲的目的大致分为 ① 娱乐性演讲; ② 传授性演讲(或称学术演讲); ③ 说服性演讲; ④ 鼓动性演讲; ⑤ 凭吊性演讲(或称葬礼性演讲)等等。 　　3、按演讲场所大致分为：①游说性演讲，巡回演讲; ② 街头演讲;③宫廷演讲;④法庭演讲(或称司法演讲); ⑤ 课堂演讲; ⑥ 教堂演讲; ⑦ 大会演讲; ⑧ 宴会演讲; ⑨ 广播演讲和电视演讲，等等。 ; 演讲的特点： 语言：通俗易懂，形象生动 逻辑：严谨缜密 结构：清晰明了 篇章：安排紧凑，层次分明 修辞：运用丰富（比喻＼对照＼对偶＼层进＼排比＼反复＼头韵等） ;;Alliteration;We were so young, so in love, and so in debt. I was worried about what it would mean for our girls if he got that chance. Success isn’t about how much money you make, it’s about the difference you make…;Assonance: (半韵);Consonance:;Parallel construction or Parallelism:;Example: ;; (1) Yes, for there are times when all pray— for the safety of their loved ones, the return of the breadwinner, of their champion, of their protector. (2) We observe today not a victory of party but celebration of freedom, symbolizing an end as well as beginning, signifying renewal as well as change. -- by John F. Kennedy: Inaugural Address ;I stand here today humbled by the task before us, grateful for the trust you have bestowed, mindful of the sacrifices borne by our ancestors. 2. Rather, it has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things . 3. But those values upon which our success depends -- hard work and honesty, courage and fair play, tolerance and curiosity, loyalty and patriotism… 4. ……have duties to ourselves, our nation and the world;… 5. …Starting today, we must pick ourselves up, dust ourselves off, and begin again the work of remaking America. ; 6. …and emerged from that dark chapter stronger and more united, we cannot help but believe that the old hatreds shall someday pass; that the lines of t