Module3InterpersonalRelationshipsGrammarAdverbialClausesVerbsfollowedbyshyingortheinfinitivewithto课件(外研版选修6).ppt

Module3InterpersonalRelationshipsGrammarAdverbialClausesVerbsfollowedbyshyingortheinfinitivewithto课件(外研版选修6).ppt

Module3InterpersonalRelationshipsGrammarAdverbialClausesVerbsfollowedbyshyingortheinfinitivewithto课件(外研版选修6).ppt

Ⅰ.动词v.-ing形式的完成式作状语 1.动词-ing形式的完成式指分词所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词所表示的动作之前。若动词的-ing形式所表示的动作与主语之间是主谓关系,则用having done;若是动宾关系,用having been done。动词-ing形式的完成式在句中作状语,表示时间、原因、让步等。;Having worked in the country for three years, he knew how to grow vegetables. 在乡下工作了三年之后,他学会了如何种菜。(时间状语) Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake. 已经被告知多次,他仍然犯同样的的错误。(让步状语) 2.否定形式为not having done/not having been done Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examination.因为没有努力学习,所以他考试不及格。;3.动词-ing形式的一般式所表示的动作与主句谓语动词所表示的动作往往同时发生,而完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 Turning to the right at the crossing, you will see the post office right before you. 在十字路口向右拐,你会发现邮局就在你前面。 4.过去分词和动词的-ing形式完成被动式的区别: 过去分词表示完成、被动意义,着重状态;动词的-ing形式的完成被动式侧重动作。表达意义不明显时,常优先使用比较简洁的过去分词。 He walked along the street, lost in thought. 他漫步街头,沉浸在思索中。;【单项填空】 ________ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.                   A.Fail B.Failed C.To fail D.Having failed 答案 D [句意:通过电话没有联系上他们,我们就发了一封电子邮件。现在分词的完成式在此作原因状语,表示其动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。];Ⅱ.后接-ing或带to的不定式的动词 1.下列动词只能跟动词的-ing形式作宾语:admit,appreciate,delay,enjoy,excuse,finish,imagine,resist,keep,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest等。 He enjoys listening to light music.他喜欢听轻音乐。 John admitted breaking the glass window. 约翰承认打碎了玻璃窗。 2.下列动词只能跟不定式作宾语:agree,ask,manage,choose, decide, demand, expect, hope, long,arrange, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, wish等。 I’ve decided to work harder.我已决定更加努力工作。;3.有些动词,如begin,start,continue,prefer等,其后接动名词或不定式意义没有区别,或者区别不大。 He began learning/to learn English at the age of ten. 他10岁时开始学英语。 4.在demand,deserve,need,require,want等动词后面的v.-ing的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动语态。 My shirt needs ironing.(=My shirt needs to be ironed) 我的衬衫该熨了。 Your car urgently required seeing to.(=Your car urgently required to be seen to.)你的车急需修理。;5.下列动词词组常要用动词-ing形式作宾语:look forward to, lead to, object to, get down to, pay attention to, give up, feel like, insist on, put off, be busy(in)等。 He objected to accepting our suggestion. 他拒绝接受我们的建议。 M

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