Module3TheViolenceofNaturePeriod2教学课件（外研版必修3）.ppt

;Grammar 1 The past perfect passive;By the end of the match, they had kicked two goals. We had already had lunch before we arrived there. 过去完成时表示在过去某一时刻以前已经完成的动作或存在的状态，其构成形式为“助动词had＋过去分词”。;now;使用过去完成时的几个典型句型： 一、主语＋过去完成时＋ ①when引导的从句（注：从句谓语动词为过去式） ②by the time引导的从句（注：从句谓语动词为过去式） ③before引导的从句（注：从句谓语动词为过去式） ;1. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ______ into the office during the night.（2011江西卷） broke B. had broken C. has broken D. was breaking 正确答案为B。两个时间点，“有人闯进了办公室”发生在“我们到达”之前，是过去的过去，用过去完成时。 ;2. We ＿＿ four thousand new words by the end of last year. A. had learned B. have learned C. learned D. will have learned 根据by短语中的last year得知，正确选项为A。 ;3. He had already built his own lab by the time he was ten. 到十岁时，他已经建起了自己的实验室。 4. He had studied English for five years before he came here. 来这儿之前，他已经学过五年英语了。;1. By the end of last month, the work had been finished. 2. The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 3. The work was done earlier than it had been planned. 4. As soon as their homework had been assigned, they started to do it. 5. They left after the door had been locked.;The past perfect passive = The past perfect + The passive voice 过去完成时的被动语态有以下三种形式： (1) 肯定结构：主语＋ had been done ＋其他成分; (2) 否定结构：主语＋ had not been done ＋其他成分; (3) 疑问句结构：had ＋主语＋ been done ＋其他成分; 疑问词＋ had ＋主语＋ been done ＋其他成分。;完成句子。 1. 他到学校的时候，第一节课已经上完了。 By the time he got to the school, the first period _______________. 2. 老师进来之前教室已经打扫干净了。 The classroom _________________ before the teacher came.;4. 截止飓风结束多少房子被毁了？ How many buildings _________________ when the hurricane ended? 5. 会前已经讨论了新计划吗？ ____ the new plan ____________ before the meeting? 6. 他们说生产成本已经降低。 They said the production costs _______________.;1. At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement ______. (2007江苏) A. has been reached B. had been reached C. has reached D. had reached 2. John had to have h