Module4GreatScientists阅读与写作历史与地理课件（外研版必修4）.ppt

阅读与写作(8)　非谓语动词　 历史与地理 该话题主要包括历史和地理的基本知识，重大历史事件和重要人物等。高考命题者的语篇材料中，常涉及到某个地方的史地概况，风土人情等。;美文赏析 Since 1884，Greenwich Mean Time(GMT)has been the international standard for timekeeping，but it is now under threat from a new definition① of time itself based not on the rotation(旋转)of the Earth，but on atomic clocks. In January the International Telecommunication Union will meet in Geneva to vote on whether to adopt② the new measure，despite protests from Britain.No doubt，the question has hurt Britains national pride—particularly when the British believe their old rival France is leading the push to change from GMT to the new time standard.;GMT is based on the passage of the sun over the zero meridian(经线)line at the Greenwich Observatory in southeast London，and became the world standard for time at a conference in Washington in 1884.France was striving③ for Paris Mean Time at the same conference. In 1972 it was replaced in name by Universal Coordinated Time(UTC)but that in fact remained the same as GMT.;UTC is based on about 400 atomic clocks around the world but then corrected with“leap seconds”to correspond to④the Earths rotational speed，which fluctuates(波动)．As a result，atomic time is slowly diverging(偏离)from GMT. The tiny differences between Earth speed and atomic speed have become a problem for GPS，space exploration and mobile phone networks on which the modern world relies.;The meeting will look at the possibilities of abolishing the leap seconds and moving fully to atomic time.The proposal has been opposed by British science minister David Willetts.He said，“We should stick to real time as experienced by humans.Without leap seconds we will lose contact with the reality of Earths rotation. Eventually our midnight would happen at noon.” China_prefers_the_present_time_standards，saying_that_its_astronomers_want_to_retain⑤_Earth-rotation-based_time.;【解题导语】　格林尼治标准时间作为全球通用的时间参考标准已使用了120多年。但格林尼治标准时间可能会成为历史。这种以地球自转为依据的世界时可能会被以原子振荡周期为依据的原子时彻底取代。;一、阅读与积累 1．攻克疑难词汇 ①definition n．定