Module4SectionⅣGrammmar＆Writing课件外研版必修3.ppt

Module 4;动词不定式和but＋不定式;一、动词不定式 1．动词不定式的时态和语态形式;(1)一般式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生或动 作发生于谓语动作之后。 He seems to understand what I said. 他似乎明白我说的话。 (2)进行式：表示不定式的动作与谓语动作同时发生且动 作正在进行。 The two cheats pretended to be working hard. 那两个骗子假装在努力工作。;(3)完成式：表示不定式动作发生于谓语动作之前。 She seems to have seen this film. 她似乎已看过这部影片。 (4)被动语态：表示不定式与逻辑主语之间的动宾关系。 The meeting to be held tomorrow is about how to stop the pollution. 明天要举行的会议是关于如何停止污染的。;2．动词不定式的句法功能 不定式的句法功能是作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、定语、状语等。 To get there by bike will take us half an hour. 我们骑自行车去那里要花半个小时。(主语) When our visit to the farm was over, we expected to start back on foot. 当参观农场结束时，我们期望步行返回。(宾语) He asked me to do the work with him. 他要求我同他一起做这项工作。(宾补);I was asked to help him with his lessons. 我被请求帮他学功课。(主语补足语) Some scientists went to Germany to attend a medical conference. 一些科学家去德国参加医学大会。(目的状语) To tell the truth, I dont agree with you. 说实话，我不同意你。(独立成分);[考题印证1] 　(2012·山东高考)George returned after the war, only ________ that his wife had left him. A．to be told　　　　　　　　B．telling C．being told D．told 解析： 　考查非谓语动词。句意：乔治战争后回到家，结果被告知妻子已经离开了。此处是动词不定式作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果，而且George和tell之间是被动关系，因此用to be told。如果用动词-ing形式，则表示意料之中的结果。;3．不定式的复合结构 (1)for＋名词(或代词宾格)＋动词不定式 其中for本身无意义，for后面的名词或代词是不定式的逻辑主语，这种不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语或状语。 It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. 为收获季节准备好一切对我们来说很重要。;(2)带有逻辑主语的结构of/for sb. to do sth. 当作表语的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，用介词of引出不定式的逻辑主语，这些形容词一般有good，nice，kind，wise，silly，stupid，foolish，right，wrong, careless, impolite等。 句中的形容词用来说明动词的特征时要用介词for。这类形容词有hard, easy, heavy, necessary, possible, important, difficult等。;The first thing for students to do is to study. 学生首先要做的事情就是学习。 It is foolish of you to say such words. 说这种话你太蠢了。 Its easy for you to learn English well. 对你来说，学好英语很容易。;4．疑问词＋动词不定式 疑问代词和疑问副词后可加动词不定式构成不定式短语，在句中可作主语、表语或宾语。 The problem is how to get there on time. 问题是怎么按时到达那儿。 I dont know what to do next. 我不知道下一步该做什么。;[考题印证2] 　(2011·辽宁高考)Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach ____