COX- 2 and tumor.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 25 COX- 2 and tumor Keywords: Cyclooxygenase -2 tumor COX-2 inhibitors 0 Introduction Cyclooxygenase (cyclooxygenase, COX), also known as prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase (PGHS), is a prostaglandin (PGs) synthesis process of a major rate-limiting enzyme, can be arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism into a variety of prostaglandin products, which participate in a variety of body pathophysiological processes, such as inflammation, fever, blood coagulation mechanism. In recent years, many overseas studies have shown that, COX  2 In addition to the above-mentioned inflammation play an important role in such processes, but also to the occurrence of tumor development and metastasis has become a new target for cancer prevention and control. In this paper, COX  2 and tumor progress in the relationship between the research are summarized below. 1 COX  2 The biological characteristics of COX is a complete membrane-binding proteins, known mammals there are at least two kinds of COX isomerase: COX  1 and COX  2. COX  2 expression is an inducible protein expressed mainly in the nuclear membrane, is considered “rapid response genes” that, under normal physiological conditions the majority of the organization not be detected, but when the cells receive stimulation after rapid synthesis of the corresponding expression, involved in inflammation and tumor genesis and development of a variety of pathological physiological processes. Human COX  2 gene length 8.3kb, located in chromosome 1q25.2 ~ q25.3, contains 10 exons and 9 introns. In which the upstream 5 ‘untranslated region of about 0.8kb, contains a number of transcriptional regulatory sequences, and COX  2 promoter transcriptional activation closely related cis-acting elements are mainly CRE / E  box overlapping regions (259/249), NF / IL26 binding sites (2132/124) and two NF  κB binding sites (2445/2427 and 2223/2214). COX  2 expression main